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Kassey Lucero

Physiology Week 1-6 flash cards

QuestionAnswer
What is homeostasis and why is it important? Homeostasis is the body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. It’s essential for normal cell function, enzyme activity and overall survival.
What are the main components of a feedback loop in homeostasis? The receptor (detects change), the control center (interprets and decides response) and the effector (carries out the response to restore balance).
What are the four main types of biomolecules in the human body? Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.
What is the function of the cell membrane? It controls what enters and leaves the cell, maintains homeostasis and allows communication through receptor proteins.
How does diffusion differ from active transport? Diffusion moves molecules from high to low concentration without energy, while active transport moves molecules from low to high concentration using ATP.
What are the main stages of cellular respiration and what is its purpose? Glycolysis, Krebs cycle and electron transport chain — all work to produce ATP, the cell’s main energy source.
What is a membrane potential and why is it important in physiology? It’s the electrical difference across a cell membrane that allows nerve and muscle cells to send signals and contract.
What is the difference between skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle? Skeletal muscle is voluntary and striated, smooth muscle is involuntary and non-striated, and cardiac muscle is involuntary and striated with intercalated discs.
What is the role of neurons and glial cells in the nervous system? Neurons send and receive electrical impulses, while glial cells support, protect and nourish neurons.
What happens during a muscle contraction? Calcium ions bind to troponin, allowing actin and myosin filaments to slide past each other using ATP, shortening the muscle fiber and creating movement.
Created by: kasssseyy
 

 



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