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Chapter 39

Female Reproductive System

QuestionAnswer
Dysmemorrhea painful menstruation Primary - 6-12mo after menarche secondary - after 25yo caused by pelvic pathology (endo, adenomyosis, PID, IUD, fibroids or cysts - IBD/IBS - pain radiates to back or thighs
PMS / ovarian cycle syndrome symptoms occur between ovulation & menstruation
PMDD abnormal serotonin responses to change in estrogen levels
infertility primary - inability to conceive a child at least a year secondary - inability to conceive after having conceived or to maintain pregnancy long enough to deliver viable infant
factors to infertility - females problems with ovulation abnormality in endometrium, uterus malformation, pathway between cervix and fallopian tube tumors in reproductive tract
factors to infertility - males problems with sperm abnormal ejaculation, erections, and seminal fluid
clomiphene (clomid) stimulates FSH & LH production
assisted reproductive therapy (ART) IVF-ET - In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer ZIFT - zygote intrafallopian transfer TDI - therapeutic donor insemination intracytoplasmic sperm injection
dyspareunia painful sexual relations uterine prolapse
denosumab (prolia) increase bone density in treatment of osteoporosis
cystocele bladder prolapse - urinary incontinence
rectocele rectum prolapse - constipation, soiling or painful defecation
enterocele bowel prolapse
PCOS associated with obesity and insulin resistance - high testosterone & LH, low FSH
Amenorrhea causes: defects in endocrine, chronic disease, extreme weight loss or obesity, emotional disturbances drug side effect, excessive exercise, poor nutrition
metrorrhagia bleeding between menstrual periods due to leiomyomas, uterine polyps, trauma, malignancy, infection
mittle staining normal spotting in times of ovulation
Menorrhagia excessive menstrual bleeding - hormone imbalance, malignancies, fibroids, infections, some drugs von willebrand (factor VIII dysfunction ) Treat: tranexamic acid - nonhormonal
Leuprolide (lupron) naferelin (synarel) used for leiomyoma and endometriosis - limit to 6mo period
salpingo-oophorectomy panhystorectomy removal of uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries (cervical cancer)
tamoxifen used to prevent recurrent breast cancer
Created by: Ldiaz2449
 

 



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