Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
5 - NA a RA
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nervous system (2) | Central Nervous System CNS Peripheral Nervous System PNS |
| Central Nervous System CNS | Parts - Brain (Cerebrum, Cerebellum, Brainstem) Spinal Cord Brain and Spinal Cord |
| Brain and Spinal cord function | Emotion Sensation Movement Reasoning Memory Homeostasis |
| Central nervous system C | Cranial |
| Peripheral Nervous System PNS | Somatic - Voluntary Control (muscle movement, sensory input) Autonomic - Involuntary Control (internal organs) |
| Peripheral | Picnic |
| Somatic | muScle movement Sensory input |
| Autonomic | AUTOnomic |
| Sympathetic | Fight or Flight |
| Sympathetic | Survival mechanisms Sympathetic = Survive |
| Parasympathetic | Rest and Digest Parasympathetic = Picnic |
| S | Survive |
| P | Picnic |
| Brain Structure and Function (Central Nervous System CNS) (cranial) | Hindbrain Brain stem: Medulla and Pons - Controls vital reflexes (Breathing swallowing) Brain stem - Breathing - BR BR Medulla - Medusa |
| Brain - Central Nervous system CNS Cerebellum | Balance, Co ordination, Attention Cerebellum - Co ordination C - C |
| BRAIN | CENTRAL |
| CNS Midbrain | Sensory processing, Movement, Motivation Midbrain - Movement, Motivation M - MM |
| CNS Forebrain | Higher Level Processing Thought, Planning, Emotion Processing - Planning |
| Cerebral Cortex | 4 Lobes |
| 4 Lobes | Frontal Temporal Parietal Occipital |
| Cerebral Cortex Frontal Lobe | Motor Control Decision Making Speech (Broca's area) Working Memory |
| Speech | Broca's Area |
| Temporal Lobe | Auditory Processing Language Comprehension (Wernicke's area) Emotion & Memory (Hippocampus) |
| Parietal Lobe | Sensory Input (touch, proprioception) Somatosensory cortex |
| Occipital Lobe | Vision processing Primary Visual cortex |
| Occipital | EYES |
| Brain Protection | Cerebrospinal Fluid CSF Blood Brain Barrier |
| Cerebrospinal Fluid | Cushions Supports Buoyancy Nutrient and Waste transport |
| Blood Brain Barrier | Selectively permeable Protects Brain from toxins/pathogens |
| Reflex Arc Peripheral Nerves | Nerve structure |
| Nerve Structure | Dorsal roots - Sensory input (to CNS) Ventral roots - Motor output (from CNS) Dorsal is TO like a boat Ventral is FROM like a vacuum |
| Degeneration - ALS/MND (Motor Neuron Disease) | Loss of Ventral Motor Neurons |
| Cranial / Spinal nerves | 12 Cranial 31 Spinal (Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral, Coccygeal) |
| Ganglion | Cluster of neuron cell bodies outside CNS |
| Autonomic Nervous System | Peripheral Nervous System |
| ANS | Sympathetic and Parasympathetic |
| Sympathetic | Thoracic and Lumbar Nerve length - Short pre, long post Function - Prepares for action |
| Parasympathetic | Cranial and Sacral Long pre, Short post Function - Rest, Digestion, Energy Conservation |
| Limbic system and related structures | Amygdala, Hippocampus, Cingulate gyrus, Basal Ganglia, Thalamus, Hypothalamus |
| LIMBIC SYSTEM Amygdala | Fear, Emotion Processing |
| Hippocampus | Long term memory, spatial navigation (engram cells) |
| Cingulate Gyrus | Emotional pain, Empathy |
| Basal Ganglia | Voluntary movement, habit formation, reward (Parkinson's) |
| Thalamus | Sensory relay to cortex |
| Hypothalamus | Hormone regulation, Homeostasis, Stress Response (HPA axis) |
| Hormones and Neuroendocrine function | Hypothalamus Pituitary hormones Pineal Gland |
| Hypothalamus | Controls Pituitary Gland |
| Pituitary Hormones | GH, ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH, Prolactin, Oxytocin, Vasopressin |
| Pineal Gland | Melatonin Sleep Wake cycle |
| Neuron structure and function | Neuron anatomy |
| Neuron anatomy | Soma (Cell Body) Dendrites Axon Terminal Boutons Supported by: microtubules, neurofilaments, microfilaments |
| Electrical signal | Resting Potential - 70mV (more K+ inside, more Na+ outside) |
| Na+/K+ pump | maintains gradient 3Na+ out, 2K+in, requires ATP |
| Action Potential | Threshold reached (-50mV) Na+ channels open -> influx = depolarisation K+ channels open (Slower) -> efflux = repolarisation Hyperpolarisation = refractory period Restoration (NA+/K+ pump) |
| Action Potential | Na+ and K+ important |
| Myelination | Myelin Sheaths (produced by oligodendrocytes) |
| Saltatory Conduction | Fast signal transmission via nodes of ranvier |
| Saltatory Conduction | SIGNAL TRANSMISSION |
| MYELIN DEGRADATION | SIGNAL LOSS |
| Myelin is important MYELIN IMPORTANT | TO SIGNAL TRANSMISSION |
| SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION | EPSP IPSP |
| SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION - EPSP | Positive ions (na+) Small depolarisation, excitatory - DE |
| SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION - IPSP | Negative ions (Cl) Small hyperpolarisation, inhibitory - HYPER |
| Summation | EPSPs and IPSPS combine AXON HILLOCK |
| Enough EPSP | action potential |
| Strong IPSP | inhibition |
| Reflex Arc Summary | Simple neural pathway for automatic response |
| REFLEX ARC | NEURAL PATHWAY |
| NEURAL PATHWAY | INVOLVED IN AUTOMATIC RESPONSE |
| NEURONS | MAKE THE AUTOMATIC RESPONSE |
| NEURAL PATHWAY EXPLAINED | 1. Stimulus (touch heat) 2. Sensory Neuron (dorsal root) 3. Spinal cord processing 4. Motor Neuron (ventral root) 5. Effector Response (muscle contracts) |
| Stimulus -> Effector Response (muscle contracts) | Sensory Neuron Spinal Cord Processing Motor Neuron |
| Sensory Neuron is BEFORE | Spinal Cord Processing and MOTOR neuron Sensory THEN Motor |
Created by:
brendonpizarro1