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Muscles

QuestionAnswer
Tendon Connects muscle and bone.
3 Types of Muscle Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth
Skeletal Muscle Voluntary, striated, moves bones.
Cardiac Muscle Involuntary, striated, found in the heart.
Smooth Muscle Involuntary, non-striated, found in organs.
Sarcomere Smallest unit of muscle contraction.
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Stores and releases calcium.
Calcium Ions (Ca+2) Start muscle contraction.
Actin filaments Thin filaments that slide with myosin.
Myosin filaments Thick filaments that pull actin.
Troponin Binds calcium to move tropomyosin.
Tropomyosin Blocks actin sites until moved by troponin.
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Provides energy for contraction.
6 Muscle Rules - Muscles must have at least 2 points of attachment - The attachment that moves is called the Insertion; the attachment that remains stationary is the Origin - Muscles must cross at least 1 joint
6 Muscle Rules - Muscles work in opposing pairs: A muscle that decreases the angle of the joint is called a Flexor; a muscle that increases the angle of a joint is called an extensor
6 Muscle Rules - Muscles can only pull / contract to get shorter. - Macroscopic striations show the direction of muscle contraction.
Muscle Fatigue - Muscle can’t contract.
Electromyogram (EMG) Records muscle electrical activity.
Tetany Repeated muscle contracting.
Endomysium Wraps one muscle fiber.
Perimysium Wraps a fascicle/bundle.
Myofibril Thread of sarcomeres.
Fascicle Bundle of muscle fibers.
Epimysium Outer layer around the whole muscle.
Muscle Fiber / Cell Single muscle cell.
Created by: user-1847220
 

 



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