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bio
ancient greece
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| enzymes | speed up chemical reactions |
| hormones | chemical messengers in the body |
| antibodies | defend against diseases |
| hemoglobin | binds oxygen to red blood cells |
| proteins are made up of | Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen |
| how many different amino acids | 20 |
| peptide | 2 amino acids joined by a peptide |
| dipeptide | dipeptide is formed by a peptide |
| polypeptide | many amino acids joined together is called a polypeptide |
| how are proteins broken down into amino acids | hydrolysis |
| nucleic acids | DNA and RNA |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid - contains genetic info. |
| where is DNA found | nucleous of a cell |
| RNA | Ribonucleic acid - carries genetic info. from the nucleous to the ribosomes(for protein synthesis) |
| where is RNA found | nucleous and cytoplasm of a cell |
| 3 types of smaller particles which make up an atom | protons - positive charge, electrons - negative charge, neutrons - no electrical charge |
| element | form of an atom : a stubstance made up of one kind of atom only |
| examples of an element | carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen |
| compound | form of an atom: 2 or more elements chemically combined and held together by bonds |
| 2 examples of compounds | organic and inorganic |
| organic compound | conatains both carbon and hydrogen together |
| inorganic compound | does not contain carbon and hydrogen together |
| examples of organic | C6H12O6(glucose); carbohydrates, lipids, proteins |
| examples of inorganic | H2O, CO2 |
| molecules | smallest part of an element or compound capable of independent motion |
| pH scale | measures weather a solution is acidic, basic, or neutral |
| litmus paper | indicates acidity or basicity-acid turns litmus paper red and base turns litmus paper blue |
| major types of reactions of living organisms | dehydration synthesis and hydrolysos |
| dehydration synthesis | adds |
| hydrolysis | breaks down |
| carbohydrates - 4 things | sugars and starches. used as an energy source. made of C, H, O. Ratio of H to O is always 2:1 (example - C6H12O6) |
| 3 types of carbohydrates | monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides |
| Monosaccharides(simple sugars). 3 things | all have the formula C6H12O6. All have a single ring structure. End is -ose (ex, glucose) |
| disaccharides (double sugars) 2 things | all have formula C12H22O11. End in -ose (ex, sucrose, maltose, lactose) |
| (3 or more sugar units) | polysaccharide |
Created by:
20160045