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anatomy 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Epidermal dendritic cells | Call responsible for alerting and activating an immune response to a bacterial or viral invasion |
| Stratum corneum | Superficial layer of the epidermis made of 20-30 cell layers of dead, keratin-filled cells |
| papillary layer of dermis | Upper layer of the dermis that forms a dermal papillae |
| Keratinocyte | Cell commonly found in the epidermis that produces keratin |
| Subcutaneous tissue | Hypodermis |
| Melanocyte | Mostly in basale, genetics/exposure to light Cells that produce pigment known as melanin |
| Stratum basale | Deepest layer of epidermis that is situated closest to the dermis |
| Malignant melanoma | |
| Herpes simplex | mouth sores |
| First-degree burn | surface level, red, superficial only epidermis |
| Third-degree burn | kills nerves, destroys epidermis and dermis |
| Dermatitis | peeling skin |
| Basal cell carcinoma | least malignant, stratum basale, no longer make keratin |
| Boils and carbuncles | Bumps |
| Acne | Pimples |
| Dandrufff | Dead skin cells on scalp |
| Squamous cell carcinoma | spinosum, uv exposure, easily removable |
| Impetigo | lesions around nose |
| Arrector pilli muscle | Muscles attached to heair shaft |
| Hair follicle | composed of epithelial root sheath fibrous |
| Eccrine gland | Duct to sweat pores on skin surface, body temp regulation |
| Sebaceous gland | Empty in hair follicles, activated at puberty |
| Adipose tissue | beneath skin |
| What is the part of your hair that you shave off? | Hair shaft |
| What 3 pigments contribute to the skin color? | melanin, carotene, hemoglobin |
| What 2 exocrine glands release secretions to the skins surface via DUCTS? | sebaceous glands and sweat glands |
| What is the lubricant that keeps skin soft and moist? | sebum |
| Hair color is due to which pigment? | melanocytes |
| The white crescent area location over the nail matrix is what? | lunule |
| Second-degree burn | epidermis and superficial dermis |
| Fourth-degree burn | goes into deeper tissues |
| What is the ABCDE rule for recognizing melanomas? | Asymmetrical, borders, color, diameter, evolution |
| What is the protein within the skin that helps prevent soaking up moisture like a sponge? | keratin |
| What skin layer has adipose tissue? | hypodermis |
| 5 layers of epidermis in order from superficial to deep | corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale (CLGSB) |
| When someone gets "tan," there is an increase presence of what? | melanin |
| What layer of the epidermis is composed of flattened, dead, keratin-filled cells? | stratum corneum |
| Fingerprints/footprints in the epidermis are created by the dermal papillae, these are present in what layer? | papillary layer |
| What muscle causes your hair to stand up when you are cold? | Arrector pilli muscle |
| Where does hair growth occur? | the matrix of the hair bulb |
| Why is the rules of nine important? | its a quick way to see the extent of the burn |
| Connective tissue composing the dermis is made of what 2 regions? | papillary and reticular |
| Apocrine glands are associated with what? | Empty into hair follicles armpit/genitals, puberty, fatty acids/proteins Sweat in the arm pits and genital |
| What is the reason the nail bed appears pink? | there's a rich blood supply under the nail |
| What 2 fluids act as lubricants in their respective locations? | serous fluid and synovial fluid |
| The type of membrane that forms the skin | cutaneous membrane |
| Peritoneum-pericardium-and pleura are examples of this type of membrane | serous membrane |
| Type of membrane adapted for absorption or secretion | mucous membrane |
| Type of membrane that secretes fluids around organs | serous membrane |
| Type of membrane that contains visceral and a parietal layer | serous membrane |
| Type of membrane that lines the vibrous capsules surrounding joints | synovial membrane |
| Type of membrane that lines open body cavities | mucous membrane |
| What layer of the skin can you see? | Epidermis |
| Which cells ingest unwanted invaders | Dedritic |
| Which cells combine with nerve endings to create sensory receptor for touch | Merkel |
| Where is thick skin found? Which layer? | Palms, feet -- lucidum found only in those areas |
| What helps you maintain your temperature | Blood vessels and sweat glands |
| What are the epithelial membranes called covering and lining membranes | Cutaneous, mucous, serous |
| What is the cutaneous membrane | Skin, dry, outermost Epidermis composed of keratinized stratified squamous Dermis dense connective |
| What is mucous membranes | Moist, line body cavities exposed, adapted for absorption/secretion Type depends on site Loose connective |
| What is serous membranes | Lines all body cavities that are closed to exterior Occurs in pairs, separated by serous fluid with visceral and parietal layer Provides lubrication |
| What are specific serous membranes | Peritoneum (abdominal) Pleura (lungs) Pericardium (heart) |
| Synovial membranes | Loose areolar connective Line fibrous capsukes surrounding joins Secrete lubricating fluid to cushion organs |
| What does integumentary system consist of | Skin, skin appendages (sweat glands, oil glands, hair, nails) |
| Integumentary system functions | Insulates/cushions, protects, synthesizes vitamin D, aids in loss or retion of body head, excretion of urea/uric acid |
| Epidermis | hard/tough keratinocytes produce fibrous protein called kertain Five layers avascular |
| Hypodermis | Subcutaneous layer Anchors skin Not part of inagumentary Adipose tissue Shock absorber and insulates deeper tissues |
| Dermis - papillary vs reticular | Papillary - upper, fingerprints/footprints Reticular - Blood vessels, sweat/oil glands, deep pressure receptor |
| Rule of nines | Divided into 11 areas for quick estimation on the extent of burn, each area represents 9% total surface, surrounding genitals represents 1% |
| Benign vs Malignant | Non-cancerous vs cancerous |
Created by:
serenitylockard