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Fire Control System
M1A2 MG school
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 3 major subsystems of the M1A2 FCS? | 1. Ballistic computer subsystem 2. Line of sight subsystem 3. GTD/stabilization subsystem |
| What are the 5 functions of the FCEU under the ballistic computer subsystem? | 1. Calibration functions 2. Gun firing inhibits 3. FCS diagnostics 4. Firing signals for main gun, coax & smoke grenades 5. Converts all analog FC inputs to digital and forwards them to the TMPU |
| What does the ballistic computer subsystem do? | Controls the angle between the GPS reticle, the CITV and the main gun |
| The angle that the ballistic computer calculates consists of what 3 things? | 1. Ballistic solution 2. Lead angle 3. Parallax correction |
| What does a ballistic solution update error indicate? | That the ballistic solution does not match: 1. Last ammo type selected 2. Last air/ground mode selected 3. Last range received |
| The built in firing inhibits will not allow the firing circuit to be completed when? | -Gun sight error of .27 mils in AZ and/or EL -In norm mode while FCS test or MRS function is selected -In emerg mode when BS or zero functions are selected -Emerg or norm modes when auto drift menus are selected -Coax selected during tgt designate o |
| What is the purpose of the FCEU? | Interfaces with various components in the FCS and sends information to the TMPU for ballistic solution calculation |
| What are the 3 calibration functions of the FCEU? | 1. Boresighting 2. Plumb and sync 3. Main gun and coax zeroing |
| What are the 5 functions of the TMPU? | 1. Controller for the data bus 2. Monitor for the utility bus 3. Stores critical data for the FCS 4. Contains the AEGR card for position updating 5. Calculates the ballistic solution offsets |
| What are the manual input parameters for crosswind of the TMPU? | +/-45mph |
| What are the manual input parameters for cant of the TMPU? | +/-15 degrees |
| What are the manual input parameters for lead of the TMPU? | +/-45 mils/sec |
| What are the manual input parameters for range for main gun (HE & KE) of the TMPU? | 200m to 5000m |
| What are the manual input parameters for range for coax of the TMPU? | 25m to 2000m |
| What are the manual input parameters for range for the LRF of the TMPU? | 200m to 7990m |
| What are the manual input parameters for range for canister of the TMPU? | 25m to 1100m |
| What are the manual input parameters for battlesight range for main gun (HE & KE) of the TMPU? | 200m to 5000m |
| What are the manual input parameters for battlesight range for coax of the TMPU? | 25m to 2000m |
| What are the manual input parameters for battlesight range for canister of the TMPU? | 25m to 1100m |
| What are the manual input parameters for air temperature of the TMPU? | -40 to +149 degrees F |
| What are the manual input parameters for ammo temperature of the TMPU? | -40 to +149 degrees F |
| What are the manual input parameters for barometric pressure of the TMPU? | 19.68 to 33.46 in HG |
| What are the manual input parameters for boresight of the main gun for the TMPU? | +/-7.5 mils |
| What are the manual input parameters for boresight of coax for the TMPU? | +/-10 mils |
| What are the manual input parameters for zero of the TMPU? | +/-5 mils |
| What are the manual input parameters for MRS update of the TMPU? | +/-3 mils |
| What are the manual input parameters for MRS borestight of the TMPU? | +/-7.5 mils |
| The TMPU stores critical data for the FCS in what type of memory? | Non-volatile memory |
| How long should ammunition sit in the ammo compartment before the temperature gauge can be considered accurate? | 6 to 8 hours |
| How often should ammo temperature be updated? | When the temperature deviates more than 10 degrees F from the indexed value |
| What is air density? | A combination of air temperature and barometric pressure |
| How often should barometric pressure be updated? | When it deviated more than 1 in HG from the indexed value |
| Under what conditions will average air density occur? | -59 deg F -29.2 in HG |
| What are the set nominal values for propellant and environmental conditions? | -Ammo propellant temp 69.8 deg F -Air temp of 59 deg F -Barometric pressure of 29.92 in HG |
| What does entering an ammo SUBDES do? | Tells the TMPU the particular ballistic coefficient to provide when that ammunition is selected at the GPS |
| Why are CCFs necessary? | SUBDES are calculated using only ballistic data from static test firings, they do not consider the influence of the firing vehicle in the launch angle of the projectile |
| What is the purpose of CCFs? | To refine and improve the ballistic solution |
| What are the standard battle sight ranges for SABOT, HEAT and coax? | -SABOT: 1200m -HEAT: 900m -Coax: 500m |
| What component of the GPS moves in AZ and EL when you are moving the reticle adjust toggle switch? | DAHA |
| What are the 2 sections of the CDU? | -Commanders tactical display -Commanders thermal viewer |
| What does the HTTPS do? | -Monitors the hull to turret position and rotation -Determines the amount of turret movement during emerg mode auto drift operations |
| What 2 components are use in figuring dynamic cant? | -POS/NAV -HTPS |
| What does the acronym LASER stand for? | Light Amplification Stimulated Emitted Radiation |
| The LRF works on a principal of? | Transmitting an energy pulse that reflects off of a target. The time required for the laser pulse to travel to the target and return is converted into a distance which is used in calculation of a ballistic solution |
| What is the rapid pulse rate of the LRF? | One burst per second for no more than 4 seconds with a 4 second off time |
| What is the continuous pulse rate of the LRF? | One pulse per second for a maximum of 120 seconds with a minimum of 10 minutes cool down time |
| The LRF requires a cool down period of _______ minutes after ________ bursts? | -10 minute cool down -63 bursts |
| What range is displayed when the LRF in in first return and last return? | -First return: first return 200m or greater -Last return: Last return from 7990m or less |
| What are the specifications for the LRF: -Wave length -Pulse energy -Pulse width -Beam divergence -Receiver acceptance -Return logic | -Wave length: 1.54 microns -Pulse energy: 18 millijoules -Pulse width: 25 nanoseconds -Beam divergence: .5 mils for every 1000m of range -Receiver acceptance: 1 mil -Return logic: first or last |
| The LRF can range to targets located from what distances? | 200 to 7990m |
| Flashing numbers in the GPS FOV indicates what? | A range of 5010 to 7990m |
| What are the 4 occasions when the symboligy will display flashing "0000"? | -When all returns are less than 200m -When all returns are 8000m or greater -When insufficient light is returned to the receiver to calculate a range -When the LRF is set to safe or the LRF CB on the FC CB menu is off and the laze button is pressed |
| Where does the GPS reticle originate? | From the light emitting diode (LED) in the LRF |
| What are the 5 occasions when the LRF could lose its effectiveness? | 1. Internal LRF failure 2. Vehicular failure 3. Environmental conditions(fog, snow, heavy rain) 4. Man made or battlefield obscurants(smoke) 5. Multiple returns from a tgt smaller than the LRF beam width w/obstructions to the front and/or rear of the |
| What is the primary way to enter a range into the system should the LRF fail? | Battlesight button and two way switch on the CDU |
| What happens when shooting canister and a range is returned of less than 200m? | "0000" will flash twice and the range will default to 150m |
| What happens when shooting canister and a range is returned of more than 1100m? | The range returned will flash twice and the range will default back to 150m |
| What does the MRS allow the crew to do? | Establish a reference point during boresighting, then check and correct for any change in the relationship between the GPS reticle an the main gun |
| What is boresight loss routinely cause by? | -Gun tube droop -Thermal bending |
| What is gun tube droop defined as? | Gravitational bending |
| What causes thermal bending? | Uneven heating or cooling of the gun tube |
| What 3 components make up the MRS? | 1. GPS 2. MRS collimator 3. Ballistic computer |
| What does the cant unit measure? | The relationship between the tilt of the gun trunnions and absolute level when the tank is stationary |
| What 2 conditions must be met before the FCEU accepts the cant units signal? | 1. The tank must be stationary 2. Two consecutive, identical values |
| What are the manual offsets for KE and HEAT rounds? | -No offset for KE rounds -Correct 1/2 target form in AZ the opposite direction of the cant and no correction in EL for HEAT |
| What does the Line Of Sight subsystem do? | Maintains the relationship between the GPS reticle, CITV reticle and the main gun |
| What is the Field Of View for the unity window? | 6 degrees vertical, 18 degrees horizontal increasing to 30 degrees with head movement |
| What is the Field Of View for the GPS in 3X? | 16.5 degrees |
| What is the Field Of View for the GPS in 10X? | 6.5 degrees |
| What is the unity window used for? | Close in surveillance and during slewing operations |
| What is the daylight sight used for in wide-angle mode? | Area surveillance |
| What is the daylight sight used for in high magnification mode? | -Target identification -Gun laying |
| What is the diopter adjustment for all eye pieces? | +2 to -6 |
| How is the GPS scene transferred to the GPSE? | Through the common beam splitter |
| When the CITV is in CITV GLOS mode, what happens? | The GPS and turret are slaved to the CITV |
| When the CITV is in GPS GLOS mode, what happens? | The CITV is slaved to the GPS |
| When the designate button is pushed what is the FCEU monitoring to align the GPS and CITV? | The CITV resolver |
| What is the purpose of a gyro? | To detect movement in rate, direction and amount |
| What is the purpose of the turret (feed forward) gyro? | It senses the pitching movement of the turret (up and down)and reports it to the FCEU |
| What is the purpose of the gun elevation (reference) gyro? | - It senses the gun movement (up and down)and reports it to the FCEU -It works in conjunction with the turret (feed forward) gyro making the gun completely stabilized in the the EL plane |
| What is the purpose of the hull (AZ) gyro? | It senses the lateral motion of the hull (yaw rate) |
| What is the purpose of the gun azimuth (reference) gyro? | -it refines the hull (AZ) gyro correction which allows for corrections of very minute movement -It works in conjunction with the hull (AZ) gyro making the turret completely stabilized in the AZ plane |
| What do LVDTs do? | Converts mechanical movement into electrical signals |
| What is the function of the Delta P? | Detects flow rate and direction |
| What causes emergency mode drift? | 3rd stage LVDTs in the gyros not being centered |
| What sends signals to correct emergency mode drift during auto drift function? | -EL: the gun resolver -AZ: the HTPS |
| The resolver network consists of? | -DAHA or CITV resolver -Gun trunnion resolver |
| What is the purpose of a resolver? | To sense and report a position |
| Why is plumb and sync done? | To ensure that the GPS, main gun and CITV maintain alignment through all angles of elevation |
| What component acts as the primary bus controller for the 1553-B data bus? | TMPU |
| What 3 elements of information does the TMPU need to determine a proper lead angle | 1. Ammo type 2. Tracking rate or target speed 3. Range to target |
| Describe the TRU window | It is made of germanium and coated with thorium fluoride |
| The TRU objective lens aids in the sensing of heat radiation in what range? | 8 to 14 micron range |
| What are the components of the Thermal Imaging System (TIS)? | -Biocular Image Control Unit (BICU) -Thermal Receiver Unit (TRU) |
| What generates range and symbol data for the Biocular Image Control Unit (BICU)? | Fire Control Electronics Unit (FCEU) |
| The Biocular Image Control Unit (BICU) receives its thermal image and from from? | Thermal Ready Unit (TRU) |
| The Thermal Ready Unit (TRU) receives power from? | RSM6 |
| The Gun Turret Drive (GTD) and stabilization subsystem provides what? | Control of the main and coaxial weapons in the stabilized, non-stabilized and manual modes of operation |
| What is the purpose of a gyro? | To detect movement in rate, amount and direction |
| What is the total capacity of the main hydraulic system? | 20 gallons, 19 in the reservoir and 1 gallon in the lines |
| How many gallons maximum can the main hydraulic pump? | 47 gallons per minute |
| What is the purpose of the main accumulator? | To maintain constant hydraulic system pressure |
| What are the 3 modes of operation for the (Commanders Display Unit) CDU? | 1. VEH SYS 2. C3 4. DIAG |
| The Gunners Control Display Panel (GCDP) contains all the control and displays required to do what? | 1. Provide manual inputs to the computer 2. Bypass automatic inputs 3. Recall stored information 4. Perform maintenance functions |
| The Dual Access Head Assembly (DAHA) provides what? | Line of sight stabilization of the scene and reticle in elevation and azimuth |
| What provides the safety for the commanders and gunners power control handles? | The palm switches |
| What is the magnification and field of view for the Gunners Auxiliary Sight (GAS)? | -Magnification: 8X -Field of View: 8 degrees |
| When utilizing the GAS sight, KE/STAFF reticle, what are the minimum and maximum ranges and how many meter increments is it graduated in for range? | -Minimum: 800m -Maximum: 4000m -Graduated in: 400m increments |
| When utilizing the GAS sight, MPAT/HEAT reticle, what are the minimum and maximum ranges and how many meter increments is it graduated in for range? | -Minimum: 400m -Maximum: 4000m -Graduated in: 400m increments |
| What is the minimum and maximum range of the GAS stadia reticle and how many meter increments is it graduated in? | -Minimum: 800m -Maximum: 2800m -graduated in: 400m increments |
| In the GPS reticle, what measurement are the lead lines? | 2.5 mils |
| In the GPS reticle, what measurement are the range lines? | 1 mil |
| How big is the aiming circle of the GPS reticle? | 1 mil |
| Which reticle in the GAS do you use to engage with canister? | 1200m MPAT reticle |
Created by:
pmbussell