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Cardiovascular 3&4

BrandGenericPharmacologic CategoryIndicationEssential Knowledge
Pradaxa dabigatran (PO) Anticoagulant, direct thrombin inhibitor AF (stroke prevention), VTE (venous thromboembolism) Key Side Effects: bleeding, dyspepsia US Boxed Warnings: premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events; increased risk of epidural or spinal hematoma in patients undergoing spinal puncture Other Notes: swallow whole; dispense and store in original packaging; discard 4 months after opening
Eliquis apixaban (PO) Anticoagulant, factor Xa inhibitor AF (stroke prevention), VTE Key Side Effects: bleeding US Boxed Warnings: premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events; increased risk of epidural or spinal hematoma in patient undergoing spinal puncture
Xarelto rivaroxaban (PO) Anticoagulant, factor Xa inhibitor AF (stroke prevention), VTE, PAD Key Side Effects: bleeding US Boxed Warnings: premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events; increased risk of epidural or spinal hematoma in patient undergoing spinal puncture
Coumadin, Jantoven warfarin (PO) Anticoagulant, vitamin K antagonist AF (stroke prevention), VTE Key Side Effects: bleeding, skin necrosis US Boxed Warnings: bleeding risk Other Notes: narrow therapeutic index drug (toxicity may occur at concentrations close to therapeutic range; therapeutic monitoring recommended with INR) Other Notes: dose dependent tablet colors; consistent vitamin K intake recommended; many drug interactions
Lovenox enoxaparin (SQ) Anticoagulant, low molecular weight heparin ACS, VTE Key Side Effects: bleeding, HIT US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of epidural or spinal hematoma in patients undergoing spinal puncture Other Notes: do not expel air bubble from syringe prior to injection
--- heparin (IV, SQ) Anticoagulant ACS, VTE Key Side Effects: bleeding, hyperkalemia (chronic use), HIT
Plavix clopidogrel (PO) Antiplatelet agent ACS, CAD, stroke Key Side Effects: bleeding US Boxed Warnings: diminished effectiveness in poor metabolizers
Brilinta ticagrelor (PO) Antiplatelet agent ACS Key Side Effects: bleeding, dyspnea US Boxed Warnings: significant, sometimes fatal bleeding; do not exceed aspirin >100 mg daily due to reduced ticagrelor effectiveness
Bayer, Bufferin, Ecotrin aspirin (PO) Antiplatelet agent ACS, stable angina, pain, stroke Key Side Effects: dyspepsia, heartburn, bleeding Other Notes: CI in NSAID or salicylate allergy, children and teenagers with viral infection (due to Reye’s syndrome), can cause tinnitus in salicylate overdose
Nitrostat nitroglycerin (SL) Vasodilator ACS, stable angina Key Side Effects: headache, flushing, syncope, dizziness Other Notes: do not use with PDE-5 Inhibitors; tachyphylaxis (tolerance/ ↓ effectiveness); can aggravate angina causes by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Intracatheter: Cathflo, Activase IV: Activase alteplase (intracatheter, IV) Fibrinolytic Intracatheter: catheter clearance IV: STEMI, acute ischemic stroke, PE Key Side Effects: bleeding Other Notes: CI in patients with severe uncontrolled HTN
Pacerone, Nexterone amiodarone (PO, IV) Anti-arrhythmic AF (rhythm control), ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia Key Side Effects: hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, pulmonary toxicity, hepatotoxicity, epithelial keratopathy, photosensitivity US Boxed Warnings: intended only for life-threatening arrhythmias; pulmonary toxicity, hepatotoxicity; proarrhythmic Other Notes: many drug interactions
Zetia ezetimibe (PO) Cholesterol absorption inhibitor Dyslipidemia Key Side Effects: myalgias, diarrhea
Tricor, Trilipix fenofibrate (PO) Fibric acid derivative Hypertriglyceridemia Key Side Effects: dyspepsia, myopathy/rhabdomyolysis, elevated hepatic transaminases
Lopid gemfibrozil (PO) Fibric acid derivative Hypertriglyceridemia Key Side Effects: dyspepsia, myopathy/rhabdomyolysis, elevated hepatic transaminases
Lipitor atorvastatin (PO) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor Dyslipidemia, CAD, stroke Key Side Effects: myopathy/rhabdomyolysis Other Notes: avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding
Altoprev lovastatin (PO) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor Dyslipidemia, CAD, stroke Key Side Effects: myopathy/rhabdomyolysis Other Notes: avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding
Pravachol pravastatin (PO) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor Dyslipidemia, CAD, stroke Key Side Effects: myopathy/rhabdomyolysis Other Notes: avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding
Crestor rosuvastatin (PO) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor Dyslipidemia, CAD, stroke Key Side Effects: myopathy/rhabdomyolysis Other Notes: avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding
Zocor simvastatin (PO) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor Dyslipidemia, CAD, stroke Key Side Effects: myopathy/rhabdomyolysis Other Notes: avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding
Lovaza omega-3 ethyl esters (PO) Omega-3 fatty acids Hypertriglyceridemia Key Side Effects: dyspepsia, eructation, fishy aftertaste Other Notes: can prolong bleeding time when used with other medication that can increase bleeding risk, use caution with fish/shellfish allergy
Vascepa icosapent ethyl (PO) Omega-3 fatty acids Hypertriglyceridemia Key Side Effects: eructation, arthralgia Other Notes: can prolong bleeding time when used with other medication that can increase bleeding risk, use caution with fish/shellfish allergy
Created by: Kaitlynyip
 

 



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