Why did European nations want colonies in Africa?

European nations wanted colonies in Africa to gain raw materials, new markets for their goods, and political power. They also wanted to spread their culture and religion.

What was decided at the Berlin Conference?

At the Berlin Conference (1884–1885), European nations decided how to divide Africa among themselves to avoid conflict. No African leaders were invited or consulted.

How did imperialism affect African land ownership?

Imperialism caused Africans to lose control of their land. Europeans took the most fertile areas for themselves, forcing Africans to work on land they no longer owned.

What types of labor systems did Europeans impose?

Europeans imposed forced labor systems, including plantation work, mining, and building railroads, often under harsh and abusive conditions.

Which resources were taken from Africa and why?

Europeans took gold, diamonds, copper, ivory, and rubber because they were valuable for European industries and could be sold for high profits.

How did European industries benefit from African resources?

African raw materials were used to fuel European factories during the Industrial Revolution, helping Europe grow richer and more industrialized.

How did Africans resist European imperialism?

Africans resisted through wars, rebellions, and protests, such as the Zulu resistance and the Ethiopian victory at Adwa. Some used diplomacy or refused to cooperate with European rulers.

What technological advantages did Europeans have?

Europeans had advanced weapons (like the Maxim gun), steamships, railroads, and medicine (like quinine) that helped them conquer and control African territories.

What is the difference between social and economic impacts?

Social impacts affect people’s daily lives, culture, and communities (ex: loss of traditions, changes in education). Economic impacts involve money, trade, and resources (ex: exploitation of African labor and materials).

How do you analyze a source for purpose, audience, and bias?

Purpose: Why was it created? (to inform, persuade, justify, etc.) Audience: Who was it made for? (a government, the public, students, etc.) Bias: What opinion or perspective does the creator show? (What might they leave out or exaggerate?)

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Midterm Review

Question	Answer
Why did European nations want colonies in Africa?	European nations wanted colonies in Africa to gain raw materials, new markets for their goods, and political power. They also wanted to spread their culture and religion.
What was decided at the Berlin Conference?	At the Berlin Conference (1884–1885), European nations decided how to divide Africa among themselves to avoid conflict. No African leaders were invited or consulted.
How did imperialism affect African land ownership?	Imperialism caused Africans to lose control of their land. Europeans took the most fertile areas for themselves, forcing Africans to work on land they no longer owned.
What types of labor systems did Europeans impose?	Europeans imposed forced labor systems, including plantation work, mining, and building railroads, often under harsh and abusive conditions.
Which resources were taken from Africa and why?	Europeans took gold, diamonds, copper, ivory, and rubber because they were valuable for European industries and could be sold for high profits.
How did European industries benefit from African resources?	African raw materials were used to fuel European factories during the Industrial Revolution, helping Europe grow richer and more industrialized.
How did Africans resist European imperialism?	Africans resisted through wars, rebellions, and protests, such as the Zulu resistance and the Ethiopian victory at Adwa. Some used diplomacy or refused to cooperate with European rulers.
What technological advantages did Europeans have?	Europeans had advanced weapons (like the Maxim gun), steamships, railroads, and medicine (like quinine) that helped them conquer and control African territories.
What is the difference between social and economic impacts?	Social impacts affect people’s daily lives, culture, and communities (ex: loss of traditions, changes in education). Economic impacts involve money, trade, and resources (ex: exploitation of African labor and materials).
How do you analyze a source for purpose, audience, and bias?	Purpose: Why was it created? (to inform, persuade, justify, etc.) Audience: Who was it made for? (a government, the public, students, etc.) Bias: What opinion or perspective does the creator show? (What might they leave out or exaggerate?)

Created by: kieralunsford

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