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Periodic tabletrends
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| periods are | rows going across the table |
| elements in teh same periods have ____ | the same # of principle energy levels |
| groups (family) are ___ | columns going down the table |
| elements in the same group have the same | # of valence electrons |
| The # of principal energy levels ___ as you go down a group | increases |
| elements have similar chemical properties because they ahem the same # of | electrons in their valence shell |
| Clements in the same family form ___ | ions with the same charge |
| Metals are elements on the ____ (L/R) side that form _____ ions (+/-) by _____ electrons (gaining/loosing) | Left, positive, and loosing |
| non metals are elements on the ____ (L/R) side that form _____ ions (+/-) by _____ electrons (gaining/loosing) | right, negative, gaining |
| Metalloids are on the ___ and exhibit properties of ____ | the staircase, both metals and non metals |
| Metaloids are | Boron, Silicon, Germnanium, Arsenic, Antimony and tellurium (aluminum tends to behave as a metal) |
| elements in the same group have the same | charge (ex: +1 in group 1) |
| the relative atomic masses of elements are based on | C-12 = 12.00 amu |
| Atomic radii | ½ the distance between two adjacent nuclei in the solid phase |
| when going down a group atomic radii ___ because ____ | increases, because there are more principal energy levels (shells) |
| When going across a period, atomic radii ____ because ___ | decreases, the ectrons occupy the same principal energy level |
| when there is an _____ in nuclear charge (# of protons), the electrons are ____ | increase, pulled closer to the nucleus |
| Across a given period of transition elements the atomic radii remains ___ in _____ because ______ | constant, transition metals, electrons are filling an inner principal energy level |
| Ionic radii | teh size of an ion |
| positive ions - | cations - smaller than the atom they formed from because they have lost a principal energy level of electrons |
| negative ions - | anions - larger than the atom they formed from because they have gained electrons and now have a smaller proton to electron ratio |
| ionization energy | amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from an atom in a gaseous state |
| IE ____ across a period due to ___ | increases, due to smaller atomic radii and a stronger nuclear charge |
| IE _____ down a group because ____ | decreases because electrons are farther from the nucleus where they aren't as strongly attracted |
| electronegativity | the ability of an atom to attract/gain electrons |
| Electronegativity _____ across a period because ______ | increases, due to smaller atomic radii and a larger nuclear charge |
| Electronegativity ____ doen a group because ____ | decreases, because electrons are further from the nucleus where they aren't as strongly attracted |
| metals are on the ___ side off the staircase | left |
| most reactive metals are at the _______ | lower left hand corner and have the greatest metallic character |
| metals are | good conductors, malleable and ductile, have a later and solids at room temp (except for mercury) |
| metals have few ____, they _____ to form _____ ions, they have ____ ionization energy and electronegativity, and have ____ melting and boiling points. | valence elctrons, lose electrons, positive, low, high |
| nonmetals are on the ___ side of the staircase | right |
| non metals have ____ valence electrons, they ___ electrons to form __ ions, they have ___ IE and EN | 4-8, gain, negative, high |
| non metals are found in the | upper right |
Created by:
28catalanoa
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