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unit 3 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acculturation | adoption of cultural traits, such as language, by one group under the influence of another |
| Architecture | the art or practice of designing and constructing buildings. |
| Artifacts | The material manifestation of culture, including tools, housing, systems of land use, clothing, etc. "What a culture uses" |
| Assimilation | the process of a person or group losing the cultural traits that made them distinct from the people around them |
| Branch | a major division within a religion |
| Caste System | a rigid set of social classes that provides privileges for the higher classes and limits on the lower classes - a person is born in a caste and castes only change upon reincarnation |
| Creole or creolized language | a language that began as a combination of two other languages and is spoken as the primary language of a group of people |
| Cultural convergence | when two cultures become more similar because of frequent interactions |
| Cultural divergence | when a culture splits into different cultures because of lack of interaction |
| Cultural relativism | the idea that a person's beliefs, values, and practices should be understood based on that person's own culture, rather than be judged through the eyes of another culture |
| dialect | different forms of the same language used by groups that have some different vocabulary and pronunciations |
| diaspora | the scattering of people from their homeland |
| Indigenous (Folk/Ethnic) Culture | the cultural traditions that are generally held by a specific ethnic group, often localized in a specific area |
| Indigenous language | a language that is native to a region and spoken by indigenous people |
| Indigenous people | the original settlers of a given region, in contrast to groups that have settled the area more recently |
| Language extinction | a language that is no longer spoken by anyone as their native language |
| Language family | a collection of languages that are all descended from an original, proto-language |
| Lingua franca | a language that groups of people who don't speak the same language use to communicate often for trade or business |
| Mentifacts | the central, enduring elements of a culture expressing its values and beliefs, including language, religion, folklore, and etc. "What a culture believes" |
| Multiculturalism | when various ethnic groups coexist with one another without having to sacrifice their particular identities |
| Secularism | a philosophy that interprets life on principles taken solely from the material world, without recourse to religion. |
| Sense of place | a strong feeling of identity that is deeply felt by inhabitants and visitors of a location |
| Sequent occupance | the idea that the current cultural landscape is a combination of all the societies who lived there previously and the changes each group made |
| Sociofacts | the institutions and links between individuals and groups that unite a culture, including family structure and political, educational and religious institutions. "What a culture does" |
| Syncretism | the blending traits from two different cultures to form a new trait |
| taboo | something that is forbidden by a culture or a religion, sometimes so forbidden that it is often not even discussed |
| Universalizing religion | a religion that attempts to appeal to all people and has a worldwide focus as opposed to a regional focus |
| Ethnic Religion | a religion that is focused on a single ethnic group (often in a centralized area) that doesn't attempt to appeal to all people |
| Ethnocentrism | judging people or traditions based on your own cultural standards |
| Gender | Cultural differences in the expectations of behavior by men and women in a specific society |
| Pilgrimage | A journey to a location that has religious significance |
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