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NHA
bones
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bone Types | Long bones; Short bones; Flat bones; Irregular bones; Sesamoid bones; Red bone marrow |
| Long bone examples | femur, humerus, tibia, fibula, ulna, radius |
| Short bone examples | carpals, tarsals |
| Flat bones examples | skull, ribs |
| Irregular bone examples | vertebrae, pelvis |
| Sesamoid bone examples | patella |
| Red bone marrow | Found within bones, marrow is responsible for producing new blood cells. This process is known as hematopoiesis |
| Sesamoid bones are | small, round bones are found in joints that are held in place by tendons. |
| Long bones | have epiphysis, diaphysis, and medullary cavities that containing yellow bone marrow. |
| muscular system is made up of | skeletal muscle; Smooth muscle; Cardiac muscle; Tendons |
| The lymphatic system includes the | Lymph nodes; Lymph nodules; Thymus; Spleen; Interstitial fluid |
| the Spleen is the | Largest lymphoid organ, located in the upper-left quadrant of the abdomen. It is home to macrophages that filter the blood. |
| the Thymus is | Located posterior to the sternum. The thymus is large in children and atrophies (shrinks) after adolescence. It is responsible for the production and maturation of T-cells. |
| The Lymph nodules are | Masses of lymphoid tissue comprised of macrophages and lymphocytes. Lymph nodules are not encapsulated like lymph nodes. |
| Lymph nodes are | Small, glandular structures concentrated in the neck, axilla, and groin that produces and store lymphocytes. Lymph nodes are home to macrophages that filter lymph. |
| The immune system relies on what system to prevent infections in the body | lymphatic system |
| When a pathogen is detected, what system begins activating the body’s defenses. | lymphatic system |
| Antigen is a | Foreign substance within the body |
| Antibody is | Protein the body creates in response to specific antigens |
| Immunoglobulins | Antibodies |
| B-cells are a | Type of lymphocyte that can recognize antigens and responds by turning into plasma cells; these plasma cells then create antibodies against specific antigens |
| T-cells are a | Type of lymphocyte that can recognize antigens and attaches to them to attack the invading cells directly |
| Monocytes | Engulf and destroy pathogens that have been coagulated with antibodies |