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NHA
BODY STRUCTURES AND ORGAN SYSYTEMS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Three main planes describe sections of the body | Sagittal plane; Transverse plane; Frontal plane |
| Mitochondria | Convert nutrients into energy for use by the cell/body; create adenosine triphosphate (ATP) |
| Ribosomes | Protein synthesis for both internal and external use |
| Centrioles | Participate in cell reproduction through the distribution of DNA to new cells |
| Cilia | Short, hair-like microtubules projecting from the cell membrane |
| Cilia | Aid in the movement of substances along the surface of the cell |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | Transports materials throughout the cell RER: Supports the synthesis and transport of proteins |
| Sagittal plane | Divides the body into left and right sides |
| Midsagittal | an equal division of left and right sides |
| Transverse plane | Divides the body into upper and lower sections, not necessarily equally |
| Frontal plane | Also called coronal plane, divides the body into anterior and posterior sections |
| Five Body Cavities | Cranial cavity; Spinal cavity; Thoracic cavity; Abdominal cavity; Pelvic cavity |
| Cranial cavity | Within the skull, houses the meninges (brain) |
| Spinal cavity | Traveling down the midline of the back and formed by the vertebrae, this contains the spinal cord |
| Thoracic cavity | Within the chest, houses the lungs, heart, and major vessels |
| Abdominal cavity | Within the abdomen, houses several major organs such as the stomach, liver, gallbladder, and intestines |
| Pelvic cavity | Inferior to the abdominal cavity; houses the bladder and reproductive organs |
| integumentary system | Skin; Epidermis layer; Dermis layer; Subcutaneous layer; Hair follicles; Sebaceous (oil) glands; Fingernails and toenails; Sudoriferous (sweat) glands |
| Skin is | Responsible for protection, temperature regulation, sensation, excretion, and vitamin D production |
| Epidermis layer is the | Outermost layer of epithelial tissue, covers the external surface of the body |
| Dermis layer is the | Thick layer beneath the dermis that contains arteries, veins, nerves |
| Subcutaneous layer is the | Loose, connective tissue composed of adipose tissue and lipocytes |
| Sebaceous (oil) glands | Produce sebum to keep skin and hair soft and prevent bacteria from growing on the skin |
| Sudoriferous (sweat) glands | Produce sweat to aid in cooling the body |
| skeletal system includes | Axial skeleton; Appendicular skeleton; Ligament; Tendons; Connective Tissue/Cartilage |
| Connective Tissue/Cartilage | maintains, protects, and gives form to other tissues and organs. Cartilage is a part of connective tissue found in the larynx and respiratory tract. It also covers and protects the end of long bones. |
| Tendons | join muscles to bones that help in moving extremities. Tendons in the muscular system help avoid muscle injury by absorbing some of the impact muscles take. |
| Ligaments | attach bone to bone for joint stability |
| Appendicular skeleton is | the adult appendicular skeleton has 126 bones, including arms, legs, and pelvic girdle. |
| Axial skeleton is | the adult axial skeleton has 80 bones, including the skull, vertebrae, and ribs. |
Created by:
J7Singleton