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unit 2 test quizlet
astronomy unit 2 tes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 9.8 m/s^2 | the value and units of the acceleration of gravity |
| momentum | mass times velocity |
| free fall | conditions an object weightless |
| newton | the person realized the laws of gravity applied to objects both on Earth and in space |
| angular momentum | mass, velocity, and radius |
| the law of conservation of angular momentum proves... | why a skater can spin faster by pulling his arms closer to his body |
| energy carried by light is... | radiative energy |
| temperature measure... | average kinetic energy of particles in a substance |
| gravitational potential energy released as an object falls depends on... | mass and the acceleration of gravity |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | energy can change between many different forms but the total quantity of energy in the universe never changes |
| orbital speed | is at its maximum when closer to the sun |
| the force due to gravity is... | inversely proportional to the square of the distance between objects |
| Ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas are... | orbital shapes that are possible under the force of gravity |
| Fg= G M1 M2 / d2 D = | distance between two objects |
| Fg = G M1 M2 / d2 G = | gravitational constant |
| The highest tides occur during.... | New Moon phase |
| The lowest high tides occur during... | 1st and 3rd quarter moon phases |
| tidal friction | causes the moon to show nearly the same face to the Earth |
| Source of energy that powers the sun | mass energy released by nuclear fusion |
| p2 = a3 A = | average distance between the two objects |
| newton's second law of motion | mass multiplied by acceleration |
| kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| 0 kelvin | absolute 0 |
| E = mc^2 E represents | mass energy, or potential energy stored in an object's mass |
| bound orbit | follows the same path around the sun over and over |
| unbound orbit | approaches the sun just once and then never returns |
| orbital energy of an orbuting object | the sum of the object's kinetic energy and its gravitational potential energy as it moves through its orbit |
| molecule | a group of atoms bonded together |
| molecular dissociation | the bonds between atoms in a molecule are broken |
| thermal radiation | radiation that depends only on the emitting object's temperature |
| adaptive optics refers to | reducing the distorting effects of atmospheric turbulence for telescopes |
| retina | place where light is brought into focus to form an image |
| lens | focuses light onto retina |
| detector | bring light into focus to form an image |
| spectral resolution | measure of how close two spectral lines can be and still be distinguishable |
| light pollution | human-made light that hinders astronomical observations |
| interferometry | allows two or more telescopes to obtain the angular resolution of a single telescope much larger than any of the individual telescopes |
| gravitational waves are.. | a tyle of energy that has been detected from sources such as merging neutron stars and black holes |
| angular resolution | the minimum angular separation that the telescope can distinguish |
| diffraction limit | the angular resolution that a telescope could achieve if it were limited only by the interference of light waves |
Created by:
user-1996394