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AP lab exam 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| occipital bone | back bottom of brain |
| frontal bone | front, top of brain |
| parietal bone | back, top of brain |
| ethmoid | nose |
| temporal bone | ears |
| sphenoid | holds skull together, near ethmoid |
| cribriform plate | top of nostril |
| external acoustic meatus | ear canal |
| sella turcica | protects, hormone regulation in sphenoid |
| inferior orbital fissue | narrow cleft, near zygomatic bone, between greater wing of sphenoid and maxilla |
| zygomatic arch | cheek bone |
| ramus | lower jaw |
| zygomatic bone | under eyes |
| maxilla | upper jaw |
| palatine | back of upper jaw, like where wisdom teeth would sit |
| lacrimal | hole near ear/temple of forehead |
| nasal | nostrils |
| vomer | wall that splits the nostrils |
| mandible | lower jaw |
| suture | cut in the skull |
| coronal suture | suture near the forehead |
| sagittal suture | midline suture, splits brain in half |
| lambdoid suture | back of head, looks like a Y |
| squamous suture | side of head, above ears |
| spinal curvatures | cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral |
| cervical spinal curvature | neck |
| thoracic spinal curvature | rib |
| lumbar spinal curvature | rib to butt |
| sacral spinal curvature | sacram/pelvic |
| facets | in spine, back portion of the spine, in between vertebrae and allows for movement of the spine |
| cervical vertebra | C1 is near neck, C7 is on your neck |
| atlas in vertebra | first vertebra, can shake head yes |
| axis in vertebra | second vertebra, can shake head no |
| thoracic vertebrae | 12 pairs of ribs, T1-T12 |
| sacral bones | near pelvis, composed of 5 fused bones |
| coccyx | tailbone, 3-5 fused bones |
| true ribs | ribs 1-7 |
| false ribs | ribs 8-12 |
| floating ribs | ribs 11-12 |
| manubrium | sternum, 1st and 2nd ribs |
| body of sternum | costal cartilage, ribs 2-10 |
| xiphoid process | where CPR is preformed |
| coastal cartilage | the part of the rib that is connected to the sternum |
| hyoid | throat, doesn't touch any other bones |
| scapula | shoulder blades |
| clavicle | collar bone |
| humerus | upper arm, attaches to scapula and clavicle |
| greater tubercle | lateral side of the humerus, at the top, opposite side as the head |
| medial epicondyle | elbow, connects ligaments and muscles |
| lateral epicondyle | movement and elbow stability |
| ulna | Smaller bone that attaches to the radius, in the arm. On the same side as the thumb |
| radius | Thicker bone that attaches to the ulna in the arm. On the same side of the pinky finger. |
| styloid process | boney bump on a bone |
| carpals | 8 carpals bones per wrist |
| metacarpals | 5 per hand (one per finger), bottom part of fingers |
| phalanges | 3 per finger, 2 for the thumb. The longer parts of our fingers. Distal, medial, proximal. |
| pollex | thumb, has only 2 phalanges in it. |
| coxal bone | ilium, ischium, pubis |
| ilium of coxal bone | wing like part, large |
| ischium of coxal bone | small, at the bottom, caved in a little, looks like a tail almost |
| pubis of coxal bone | middle part, looks boney, where pubic bones meet |
| acetabulum | deep socket where femur fits, formed by all 3 bones |
| obturator foramen | large, inferior hole formed by all 3 bones |
| pubic symphysis | cartilage joining the pubis bones |
| iliac crest | elevated ridge |
| iliac fossa | shallow depression |
| pelvis | bowl formed by sacrum and coxal bones. |
| femur | large bone in leg |
| medial epicondyle of the femur | same side as the head, on bottom of the bone |
| lateral epicondyle | opposite side of head, on bottom of the bone |
| greater trochanter | top of femur, opposite side of head |
| lesser trochanter | little bulb like thing on the side of the bone closer to the top |
| epicondyle v condyle | epicondyle is always above condyle |
| patella | kneecap, flat and rounded |
| tibia | thicker than fibula, on the inside of the body, in legs |
| fibula | smaller than tibia, on outside of the body, in legs |
| tarsals | bones of the foot |
| metatarsals | first part of toes, the part near the foot |
| phalanges of the feet | the part of the toes further from the foot. 3 per toe, 2 for the big toe |
| talus | connects the heel to the tibia |
| calcaneous | heel |
| hallux | the big toe, having only two phalanges |
| fibrous joints | can't move, no mobility |
| sutures- fibrous | skull |
| cartilaginous joints | can move a little bit, slight mobility |
| synarthrosis | no mobility |
| amphiarthrotic | slight mobility |
| synovial joints | freely moveable |
| ball-and-socket | ball of one bone fits into socket of another, wide range of motion |
| pivot | rotates through a single axis, rounded and pointed end fits through a hole |
| saddle | shaped like a saddle, lets bones sit on other bones |
| hinge | slightly rounded end fits into slightly hollow end, movement only in one plane |
| plane | flat or slightly curved surfaces |
| condyloid | stability, oval shaped end that fits into another bone- hand and wrist movement |
| gomphosis | teeth and jaw |
| syndesmosis | parallel bones |
| symphysis | fibrocartilage strength and shock absorption |
| synchondrosis | hyaline cartilage- temporary and immovable, good for growth |
| flexion | bending a limb or joint |
| extension | moving from a bent position to a straight position |
| hyperextension | movement of joint beyond normal range of motion |
| abduction | movement away from the midline |
| adduction | movement towards the midline |
| pronation | movement of foot when walking, inward rolling of foot |
| supination | movement of foot when walking, outward rolling of foot |
| medial rotation | movement of a body part towards the midline |
| lateral rotation | movement of body part away from the midline |
| circumduction | circular movement |
| inversion | movement of foot- sole turns towards the midline of the body |
| eversion | movement of foot, ankle, hand, or eyelid. When something is turned outwards |
| plantar flexion | movement in ankle, when foot is pointed downwards |
| dorsiflexion | backwards bending of hand or foot |
| protraction | movement of a body part forward, away from midline of body. |
| retraction | action of drawing something back |
| elevation | lifting something up |
| depression | body part moves downward, in mandible and scapula. |
| osteon | cylindrical units of compact bone. |
| central canal | center of spinal cord, a narrow tube filled with fluid that runs the length of the spinal cord. |
Created by:
Kileye