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Calculus 2 Midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| For an integral from a to b, what is 1dx? | (1)b-(1)a |
| For an integral from a to b, what is xdx? (1. For a=0, and 2. For a≠0) | For a=0: b^2/2. For a≠0, (b^2-a^2)/2 |
| What is the antiderivative of ln(x)? | 1/x |
| What must you add after solving an indefinite integral? | +c!! |
| What is the antiderivative of 1? Why? | X (because x^0=1) |
| What is the integral of x^n(dx)? Example: x^2 | x^(n+1)/(n+1)… ex: (x^3)/3 |
| How do you change the limits of integration for u-sub? | Plug limits into x for u (ex: for u=x+9 on [0,1], u=9 and u=10. So (u^6)/12 = [(10^6) - (9^6)] / 12 |
| What is the formula for integration by parts? | (Integral of udv) = uv - (integral of vdu) |
| What is the formula for partial fractions? | P(x)/Q(x) = A/(x-r) + B/(x-s) |
| How can you tell if you should use partial fractions? | When it’s a polynomial over a polynomial |
| How do you evaluate an improper integral for c to infinity? | 1.) sub infinity for a. 2.) integrate. 3.) evaluate for ](c to a). 4.) Think about a->infinity |
| How do you evaluate an improper integral for infiniy to infinity? | Split it up into an integral (-infinity to 0) + integral (0 to infinity). Proceed with the ‘a—> infinity’ method for each, |
| What is the formula to find the area between curves? | integral (a to b) of [f(x)-g(x)]dx |
| What shape of graph comes from a quadratic equation? | U (parabola) |
| How does one find the points on a graph of a parabola? | the absolute min/max, and the zeroes on the x-axis |
| What is the quadratic equation? | For ax^2 + bc + c: x= [-b +/- sq root of (b^2) - 4ac ]/2a |
| What is the equation to find the absolute minimum/max on a parabola? | x= -b/2a |
| What is the formula for finding the average value of an integral? | [1/(b-a)] * integral of a to b of f(x)dx |
| What is the difference between an integral and a derivative? What clues are there to tell you which to use? | An integral describes the entire area under a curve. A derivate is like a ‘packaged’ downsized version. When something is going to a lower power, it’s being derived (packaged), and when it’s going to a higher power, it’s being integrated (expanded) |
| What method should you use to solve the integral of 3x^2 * sin(x^3)dx? | U-sub is best here, with u=x^3 and du=3x^2 dx |
| What method should you use to solve the integral of x * cos(x)dx? | Integration by parts |
| What is the fundamental theorem of calculus? | For an defined integral (a to b) of f(x)dx, once you’ve integrated it, the answer is F(b)-F(a) |
| For the s c -s -c rule, if the letters are stacked top down, which way is integration and which way is deriving? | Integration is moving upwards, and deriving is moving downwards |
| What is the range of the two axis of the unit circle? | From 0 to pi (right to left) and pi/2 to 3pi/2 (top to bottom) |
| What is the integral of 1/x? | ln(x) |
| Which trig identities correspond to x and y on the unit circle coordinates? | (x, y) = (cos, sin) |
| What is ln(1), and why? | ln(1)=0 because e^0=1 |
| What is the trig identity for sinx/cosx? | tanx |
| What is the trig identity for cosx/sinx? | cotx |
| What is the trig identity for 1/sinx? | cscx |
| What is the trig identity for 1/cosx? | secx |
| What is d/dx arctanx? | 1/(1+x^2) |
| What is d/dx arcsinx? | 1/(sq rt of (1-x^2) |
| What is d/dx arccosx? | -1/(sq rt of (1-x^2) |
| What is the formula for the Riemann sum? | the sum from i to n of f(x*) times delta x |
| When using the Riemann sum to estimate area, if we set n=3, what is delta x? (For [0,1] | Delta x would be 1/3 in this case |
| What is the formula to get volume (using an integral)? | [integral from a to b) A(x)dx |
| What are the coordinates of the unit circle, starting at 0 and going counterclockwise? | (1,0); (0,1): (-1,0); (0,-1) |
| Which trig identities add up to 1? | sin^2(x)+cos^2(x) |