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Jamestown
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| stockholder | Someone who has invested money in a company and now owns part of it. |
| Colony | A place that is ruled by another country. |
| Charter | A document giving official permission to do something. |
| Investor | A person who gives money to help start or grow a business, hoping to get more money back later. |
| Venture | A risky or daring journey. |
| Virginia Company of London | A group of English businessmen who received permission from King James I to start a colony in North America. |
| King James I | The King of England who granted charters allowing settlement in North America. |
| Jamestown | The first permanent English settlement in North America, founded in 1607 as an economic venture. |
| colonization | When a country starts and rules settlements in another land |
| Reason for English colonization | England wanted to increase wealth and power and compete with other European nations. |
| Economic opportunity | The hope of finding gold, silver, and natural resources to trade and make money. |
| Natural resources | Materials found in nature such as wood, iron, or crops that can be used to produce goods. |
| Trade | The exchange of goods or services between people or nations. |
| Jamestown site | Located on a narrow peninsula bordered on three sides by the James River. |
| Jamestown today is located | on an island because the peninsula eroded over time. |
| Reason for Jamestown site choice | It could be easily defended from attack by sea, had deep water for ships, and was believed to have fresh water. |
| Economic venture | A business project done to make money. |
| Virginia charters | Documents from King James I that allowed the Virginia Company to establish a settlement and guaranteed English rights to settlers. |
| English rights | The idea that people living in the colony would have the same rights as people in England. |
| legislative | Having the power to make laws. |
| burgesses | Elected representatives from each division of Virginia who served in the General Assembly. |
| representative | A person chosen to act or speak for others |
| John Smith’s leadership | Required colonists to work and established trade with Indigenous peoples |
| tobacco | A major cash crop that made the Virginia colony successful. |
| Powhatan’s impact | His leadership and trade helped the English survive their early years in Virginia. |
| voting rights | Only certain free adult men could vote or serve in the General Assembly. |
| House of Burgesses significance | The first example of representative government in the English colonies. |
| General Assembly structure | Included the governor, governor’s council, and two burgesses from each division. |
| economic growth | Tobacco farming and trade helped Jamestown grow and attract more settlers. |
| erosion | Natural wearing away of land that turned the Jamestown peninsula into an island. |
| General Assembly | The first elected government body in English North America, created in 1619. |
| House of Burgesses | Formed in 1640 when the elected representatives began meeting separately from the Governor’s Council. |
| Powhatan people | Indigenous people living in Virginia who traded with and taught survival skills to the English colonists. |
| Governor’s Council | A group of wealthy men who advised the governor and helped make laws for the colony. |
| trade with Indigenous people | The Powhatan traded food, fur, and leather in exchange for tools, pots, and copper. |
| relationship with Powhatan | Started peacefully but later became tense as settlers took more land. |
| hardships | Colonists faced disease, starvation, drought, and unsafe drinking water. |
| “He that will not work, shall not eat.” | Rule made by Captain John Smith requiring everyone to work for food and survival. |
| Agriculture | Farming; became the main focus of Jamestown after John Smith’s leadership. |
| indentured servants | People who agreed to work 4–7 years for passage, food, and shelter in Virginia. |
| enslaved Africans | People captured and forced into lifelong labor without pay. |
| arrival of Africans (1619) | The first Africans were brought from the region of Angola to Point Comfort, Virginia. |
| arrival of English women (1620) | Made it possible for families to form and helped Jamestown become permanent. |
| cash crop | A crop grown to be sold for profit; tobacco was Virginia’s main one. |
| system of servitude | Included both indentured servants and enslaved laborers who worked on Virginia plantations. |
| cultural contributions | Africans brought skills and culture; Indigenous peoples shared knowledge of farming and survival. |
| charters’ importance | Defined colony boundaries and guaranteed English rights to settlers. to ensure survival. |
| Sir George Yeardley | The royal governor who called the first meeting of the General Assembly in 1619. |
| Captain John Smith | An English leader who helped the colony survive by making rules and trading with the Powhatan people. |
| Wahunsenacawh (Chief Powhatan) | The leader of the Powhatan people who helped the English at first and was the father of Pocahontas. |
| Matoaka (Pocahontas) | The daughter of Chief Powhatan who helped the English colonists and later married John Rolfe. |
| John Rolfe | English settler who introduced a sweeter type of tobacco that became Virginia’s cash crop. |
Created by:
katielabuski