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Dynamic Earth
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Crust | Top layer broken into moving plates |
| The 2 types of the crust | Continental (mostly granite) and Oceanic (mostly basalt) |
| Subduction Zone | when Oceanic crust sinks beneath the Continental crust |
| Lithosphere | Makes up most of the crust |
| 3 Reasons for heat within Earths interior | Collision, Gravity, Radioactive Decay |
| What is the Continental Drift theory | The theory that continents drift apart or toward one another |
| 4 pieces of evidence that supports the Continental Drift theory | Puzzle like fit, fossil, glaciers, similar rock |
| Mantle | Between crust and outer core and responsible for convection currents |
| Outer Core | Creates Earth's magnetic field and only liquid layer |
| Inner Core | Under very high pressure makes it solid |
| What happens to density and temperature as you go deeper into the Earth | Increases |
| What is the theory of Plate Tectonics | The theory that the lithosphere/crust is made up of large plates that move around on the asthenosphere |
| What are the 3 pieces of evidence that support Seafloor Spreading | Magnetic reversal, age of seafloor, molten material |
| What is magnetic reversal | The process where Earths poles swap positions |
| Why is magnetic reversal evidence of seafloor spreading | the molten rock at mid-ocean ridges records the Earth's magnetic field as it cools |
| Order of layers | Crust, lithosphere, asthenosphere, mantle, outer core, inner core |
| Who came up with the theory of Continental Drift | Alfred Wegener |
| What is the order of Earths layers from innermost to outermost | Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust |
| What happens the the pressure as you travel further into the Earth | Increases |
| Which layer is a solid metal ball made mostly up of nickel and iron | Inner core |
| Which layer is mostly composed of liquid nickel and iron | Outer core |
| The movement of Earth plates is caused by convection current in which layer | Mantle |
| Which layer is made up of three different types of rocks | Crust |
| What types of rocks are the crust made up of | Igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary |
| lists Earth layers from coldest to hottest | Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core |
| Which layer is responsible for Earth magnetic field | Mantle |
| What is the name of the supercontinent | Pangea |
| What best explains why Earths inner core is solid | High pressure |
| What is the difference between the inner core and the outer core | The inner core solid the outer core is liquid |
| True or False: The mantle is solid but can flow under pressure | True |
| True or False: The inner core is hollow | False |
| Cause of Convection Currents | Earth internal thermal energy causes the mantle to heat, expand, and rise. As it gets closer to the crust it cool and falls back down |
| Effect of Convection Currents | The Convection Currents cause the plates to move in the lithosphere |
| Result Of Convection Current | Plates moving causes earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountains |
| What type of stress happens at Convergent boundaries | Compression |
| What occurs at Convergent boundaries | Continental-continental, continental-oceanic, oceanic-oceanic |
| What landforms are made at Convergent boundaries | Mountains, volcanoes, ocean trenches, and island arcs |
| What boundary is at a normal fault | Divergent boundary |
| What force is at a normal fault | Tension |
| What boundary is at a reverse fault | Convergent boundary |
| What force is at a reverse fault | Compression |
| What boundary is at a Strike-slip | Transform boundary |
| What force is at a Strike-slip | Shear stress |
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