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ECE Social Studies 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cognitive development | thinking, reasoning, problem-solving, and understanding. JEAN PIAGET IS THE MAN |
| sensorimotor | 0-2 years. Children figure out the world through sensory and motor experiences. Object permanence and separation anxiety here! |
| Pre-operational | 2 - 6 years. Children identify and use symbols for objects but do not have the ability to apply logical reasoning. They know how to pretend and are egocentric |
| Concrete operational | 7-12 years. Have logical reasoning, understand cause and effect, but thinking is still concrete. |
| Formal operational | 12 years - adult. Can think abstractly, use logic, comparison, and classification |
| social development | involves interpersonal skills, initiating play, and interactions with peers. Vygotsky, Bandura, and Erikson are theorists here |
| Vygotsky | Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD); pushing kids to the next level (presence of a more knowledgeable person, social interactions, and scaffolding) |
| Bandura | social learning theory; students learn best from what they observe |
| Erikson | says development is determined by how a person is treated and their environment |
| Kohlberg | built on Piaget's theory; developed 3 levels of morality (preconventional ages 5-10, conventional ages 10-15, and postconventional ages 15 and up); norms and social behavior |
| self-efficacy | the ability to exert control over one's own motivation, behavior, and social environment. Example - working out a conflict on the playground without yelling or violence |
| self-concept | how children view their abilities. Teachers nurture this with positive feedback. |
| self-awareness | the ability to see yourself clearly and objectively through reflection and introspection; teachers help kids by talking through their feelings and helping them self-reflect |
| self-regulation | the ability to monitor your own thoughts, emotions, and actions. Example - sitting quietly for story time even though the student wants to get up and play |