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10th History Ch. 4-5
Bennett Chapters 4-5 and all notes and primary sources
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many states had ratify the constitution before it could take effect? | Nine. |
| during the ratification debates in Virginia, Madison consented that a bill of rights may be added, but with two stipulations. What were they? | 1. The Bill of rights could only be added as amendments, and (2) only after the rest of the Constitution had been ratified. |
| What did Alexander Hamilton threaten if New York did not ratify the Constitution? | To take New York City out of the state of New York |
| according to the preamble, the members of the convention were establishing the constitution in order to form what? | A more perfect union |
| What is the length of a term of a member of the House of Representatives? | Two years |
| how old must a person be to be elected to the House of Representatives? | 25 |
| how many senators are from each state? | 2 |
| what is the length of a senator’s term? | 6 years |
| how old must someone be to be elected to the United States Senate? | 30 years old |
| Who is the president of the Senate? | The Vice President of the United States |
| Article I section 8 of the constitution lists 18 specific powers that Congress has. Name at least eight of these powers. | 1. To lay and collect taxes; 2. To borrow money on the credit of the United States 3.To coin money 4. To establish post offices and post roads 5. To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas 6. To declare war 7. To raise and suppo |
| The president of the United States shall hold office during a term of _____ years | 4 |
| Who votes for the President of the United States directly? | Electors/the Electoral College |
| How was the vice president elected according to article 2 of the original constitution? | The runner up in the election became the vice-president (the person with with the second highest number of electors after the President) |
| The president must be at least _____ years of age | 35 |
| Why is it significant that the president is the commander-in-chief of all the armed forces? | Because it makes a civilian in charge of the military |
| Who has the power to admit new states into the union? | Congress |
| What shall the United States guarantee to every state, according to article IV, section 4 of the constitution? | A republican form of government, protection against invasion, and protection against domestic violence upon application of the state legislature or executive |
| What power does article V grant to Congress? | To propose amendments to the Constitution or to call a convention propose amendment |
| What happens to all debts and business contracts that were made before the constitution and under the articles of confederation? | The are valid against the United States |
| What does article VI, section 3, paragraph three of the constitution state? | No religious test shall be required as a qualification of any office or public trust |
| Who made up George Washington’s first cabinet, and what position did each man hold? | John Adams - Vice President, Thomas Jefferson - Secretary of State; Alexander Hamilton - Sec. of Treasury; Henry Knox - Sec. of War; Edmund Randolph - Attorney General |
| What can we “read” in the Bill of Rights, according to Bennett? | The history of the colonial struggle against Britain |
| How did Benjamin Franklin complicate things when the assumption question and the residence question were being debated? | He brought up the issue of abolition of slavery |
| How were the assumption question and residence question resolved? | The assumption question was resolved by establishing a national bank. The residence question was resolved by creating a federal district, outside of any state, to be the capital. The federal district was placed between the northern and southern states. |
| What did the average American feel about the French revolution? | They supported it because they thought the resulting government would make France similar to the U.S. |
| What was the reaction to Jay’s treaty among Americans? | They saw it as a betrayal of the U.S. because the treaty didn’t keep the British from impressing American sailors into British service |
| What did John Adams consider his most meritorious accomplishment? | Making peace with France after the quasi-war between France and the U.S. |
| What happened to the federalist party during the election of 1800 and why? Why did the election of 1800 have to be decided by the House of Representatives? | The party essentially collapsed due to political infighting between Hamilton and his supporters and Adams and his supporters. Jefferson and Burr tied in the Electoral College, so the House had to decide the winner. |
| Why was the election of 1800 unique in the history of the world? | It laid down the philosophical basis for free government and was the first peaceful transfer of power from one ruling party to another in history |
| John Adams | VP under Washington and the second President of the U.S. Was a member of the Federalist Party. |
| Aaron Burr | VP under Thomas Jefferson and losing candidate in the election of 1800. Famously dueled against and killed Alexander Hamilton. |
| Benjamin Franklin | Signer of the Constitution from Pennsylvania. He threw a wrench into the debates over the Residence Question and the Assumption Question by proposing abolishing slavery. |
| Edmund Charles Genet | French Ambassador to the U.S. known as “Hurricane Genet” and “Citizen Genet” due to his frenetic energy and many plans. Eventually sought asylum in the U.S. after the French tried to have him executed. |
| Alexander Hamilton | First Sec. of the Treasury and member of the Federalist Party. Famously quarreled with John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. Pressured his party into electing Jefferson in the election of 1800. Killed in a duel by Aaron Burr. |
| John Jay | First Chief Justice of the United States. Famously authored the Jay Treaty between Britain and the U.S., which was unpopular because it solve the issue of impressing American sailors into British service. |
| William Jackson | Fought in the Continental Army during the American Revolution. Served as Secretary of the Constitutional Convention. Later served as a personal secretary to President Washington |
| Thomas Jefferson | The third president of the US and served as George Washington’s secretary of state |
| Henry Knox | A former general in the continental army and George Washington’s secretary of war |
| James Madison | One of the writers of the federalist papers |
| George Mason | a Virginian who pushed for the freeing of slaves |
| Robert Morris | A delegate to the second continental congress and a US senator |
| Edmond Randolph | The attorney general in George Washington’s cabinet |
| Roger Sherman | A signer of the US constitution and a US Senator |
| Thomas Truxton | A US navy captain who commanded the USS Constellation and captured the French ship L’Insugete during the Quasi War |
| George Washington | The first President of the USA. |
| “Mad Anthony“ Wayne | A US general who fought and won the battle of fallen timbers |
| “And if a Sparrow cannot fall to the ground without his notice, is it probable that an empire can rise without his aid?” | Benjamin Franklin in an address on prayer at the constitutional convention, June 28, 1787 |
| “Every master of slaves is a petty tyrant. They bring the judgment of heaven on a country!” | George Mason at the constitutional convention, August 27, 1787 |
| “A republic, if you can keep it.” | Benjamin Franklin, upon exiting the concluded proceedings of the continental convention, when asked by Mrs. Powell of Philadelphia, “well doctor, what have we got, a republic or a monarchy?“ On September 17, 1787. |
| “A bill of rights is what the people are entitled to against every government on earth, general or particular, and what no just government should refuse.” | Thomas Jefferson, December 20, 1787 |
| “… First in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen.“ | Henry “Lighthorse hairy” Lee (father of Robert E. Lee) in his eulogy of George Washington, December 28, 1799 |
| The articles of confederation | The articles that all states signed before the Constitution was written |
| Memorial and Remonstrance | A series of articles written by James Madison in defense of freedom of religion |
| Shays rebellion | a rebellion led by several rev. War vets who wanted to close down the courts in order to prevent foreclosures and imprisonment for debt |
| The constitutional convention | The convention where representatives from all over the states came to decide what should happen with the constitution |
| A writ of habeus corpus | the thing that said that you must stand trial in person |
| Bill of Attainder | the law which said that you must have an arrest warrant before you arrest somebody |
| entail | the practice in Europe by which all property goes to lineal descendants |
| the ex post facto law | the law that states you can’t be arrested for a crime you committed if it became a law After you had committed the crime |
| Faction | A group of people united by a common or shared interest |
| Primogeniture | The practice by which the first born inherits all the land |
| corruption of blood | the law that states that you can’t arrest the children of somebody who committed a crime |
| The assumption question | the question about whether the government should assume states debts |
| The residence question | the question of where the capitol should be located |
| Federalist 51 | The paper written by James Madison concerning checks and balances |
| Federalist 68 | the paper written by Alexander Hamilton concerning the electoral college |
| The Bill of Rights | The first ten amendments |
| Battle of fallen timbers | The battle in august, 1794, where general “Mad Anothney” Wayne led US forces to defeat a coalition of Indian tribes |
| The whiskey rebellion | Pennsylvania farmers angered by Hamilton’s tax on whiskey started a rebellion with the intent to march on Pittsburgh. Was stopped by Washington and 20,000 militia |
| Jay’s treaty | The treaty between the US And Great Britain, written by John Jay, did not answer the problem of US sailors being impressed into the Royal Navy, led to serious backlash |
| Pinckney’s Treaty | the treaty between Spain and the US defining the border between the US and Florida as well as securing trade rights to the Mississippi River |
| XYZ affair | The affair when French minister Talleyrand attempted to have the US pay 10 million $ for a perceived insult |
| The alien act | The act which extended the time required to become a US citizen from 5 years to 14 years |
| The sedition act | The act by which anyone who published “false and defamatory” statements against the government could be prosecuted |
| Virginia and Kentucky resolutions | the resolutions that dealt with the issue of Kentucky being a part of Virginia |
Created by:
TheGrandWolf