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Skeletal System Exam
| Definition | |
|---|---|
| An organ made up of bone tissue, nerves, and blood vessels is called | Bone |
| A place where two bones meet is called | Joint, Articulation |
| A broken bone is called | Fracture |
| Which disorder has bones that are brittle because the spongy bone is porous due to lack of calcium? | Osteoporosis |
| Which disorder occurs when soft bones in children bow or bend due to a lack of calcium while growing? | Rickets |
| Which disorder has bones that are soft due to a lack of calcium? | Osteomalacia |
| Which system contains bones, cartilage, and ligaments? | Skeletal System |
| List the 5 major functions of bone: | Support, Protection, Movement, Stores Minerals, Hematopoiesis (making blood) |
| What is Hematopoiesis? | Making blood cells |
| Where does hematopoiesis take place? | In the red marrow |
| Where in bones is fat stored? | In the middle of long bones in yellow marrow |
| Which type of bone has a diaphysis and two epiphysis? | Long Bone |
| Which type of bone has a sandwich appearance with compact bone on top and bottom? | Short, Flat, Irregular Bones |
| Fingers & Toes | Phallanges |
| Wrist | Carpal |
| Hand | Metacarpal |
| Ankle | Tarsal |
| Foot | Metatarsal |
| Breastbone | Sternum |
| Collarbone | Clavicle |
| Shoulderblade | Scapula |
| Lower Jaw Bone | Mandible |
| Thigh Bone | Femur |
| Upper arm bone | Humerus |
| Kneecap | Patella |
| Backbone | Vertebrae |
| A) arm bones (long, flat, short, or irregular) | Long |
| B) wrist bones (long, flat, short, or irregular) | Short |
| C) vertebrae (long, flat, short, or irregular) | Irregular |
| D) leg bones (long, flat, short, or irregular) | Long |
| E) cranial bones (long, flat, short, or irregular) | Flat |
| F) sternum (long, flat, short, or irregular) | Flat |
| G) ribs (long, flat, short, or irregular) | Flat |
| H) hand bones (long, flat, short, or irregular) | Long |
| I) ankle bones (long, flat, short, or irregular) | Short |
| Are arm bones appendicular or axial? | Appendicular |
| Are wrist bones appendicular or axial? | Appendicular |
| Is the vertebrae appendicular or axial? | Axial |
| Are leg bones appendicular or axial? | Appendicular |
| Are cranial bones appendicular or axial? | Axial |
| Is the sternum appendicular or axial? | Axial |
| Are ribs appendicular or axial? | Axial |
| Are hand bones appendicular or axial? | Appendicular |
| Are ankle bones appendicular or axial? | Appendicular |
| Is the scapula appendicular or axial? | Appendicular |
| Hip joint (freely movable, slightly moveable, or immovable) | Freely Moveable |
| Cranial joints (freely movable, slightly moveable, or immovable) | Immovable |
| Vertebrae (freely movable, slightly moveable, or immovable) | Slightly Moveable |
| A) intervertable discs (fibrous, cartilage, or synovial) | Cartilage |
| B) shoulder joint (fibrous, cartilage, or synovial) | Synovial |
| C) elbow joint (fibrous, cartilage, or synovial) | Synovial |
| D) knee joint (fibrous, cartilage, or synovial) | Synovial |
| E) hip joint (fibrous, cartilage, or synovial) | Synovial |
| F) sutures (fibrous, cartilage, or synovial) | Fibrous |
| What is the hip joint known as? | Ball and Socket |
| What is the shoulder joint known as? | Ball and Socket |
| What is the joint between the atlas and axis in the neck? | Pivot |
| What is the knee joint known as? | Hinge |
| Cell that makes other bone cells: (osteoblast, osteoclast, osteocyte, or osteogenic) | Osteogenic |
| Mature bone cell trapped in lamella: (osteoblast, osteoclast, osteocyte, or osteogenic) | Osteocyte |
| Cell that breaks down bone: (osteoblast, osteoclast, osteocyte, or osteogenic) | Osteoclast |
| Immature bone cell that becomes an osteocyte as it builds bone: (osteoblast, osteoclast, osteocyte, or osteogenic) | Ostoblast |
| Which type of growth lengthens bones: longitudinal or appositional? | Longitudinal |
| Which type of growth widends bones: longitudinal or appositional? | Appositional |
| At what age does bone stop growing in females? | 18 |
| At what age does bone stop growing in males? | 21 |
| What controls bone growth primarily in children up until puberty? | Growth Hormone |
| At puberty, which hormone in females cause the hipe to widen? | Estrogen |
| At puberty, which hormone in males cause bones to increase in density and change shape slightly? | Testosterone |
| What process is when adulthod in reached and osteoclast and osteoblast activity is controlled to mainintain bones? | Remodeling |
| What are two hormones that released in response to blood calcium and phosphorus levels? | Parathyroid hormone, Calcitonin |
| What are some things to grow and maintain strong healthy bones? | Calcium, Vitamin-D,Phosphorus, Sunlight, & Weight-bearing Exercise |
| What is the name of the blood clot that forms first around the site of a broken bone? | Hematoma |
| What is the name of the structure that replaces the blood clot? | Fibrocartilage Callus |
| What is the name of the structure that replaces the fibrocartilage callus? | Bony Callus |
| A broken bone is healed when what replaces the callus? | Compact and Spongy Bone |
| What are some things that will hinder bone growth? | Not enough calcium, vitamin d, sunlight, weight-bearing exercise, menopause, smoking, and hormone imbalances |
| In young children and teenagers, which process is true? a) osteoblast activity exceeds osteoclast activity b) osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activty c) osteoblast activity equals osteoclast activity | A) osteoblast activity exceeds osteoclast activity |
| In young adults , which process is true? a) osteoblast activity exceeds osteoclast activity b) osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activty c) osteoblast activity equals osteoclast activity | C) osteoblast equals osteoclast activity |
| In adults over the age of 40, which process is true? a) osteoblast activity exceeds osteoclast activity b) osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activty c) osteoblast activity equals osteoclast activity | B) osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity |
Created by:
spklol