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Chapter 23

Substance use disorders

TermDefinition
Abstinence syndrome A constellation of physiologic changes undergone by people who have become physically dependent on a drug or chemical who are abruptly deprived of that substance
Addiction Addiction is a chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug-seeking use despite complications or negative consequences
Substance use disorders occur when the recurrent use of alcohol and/or drugs causes clinically and functionally significant impairment
Enabling The behavior of family or friends who associate with the addict that results in continued substance use disorder.
Habituation Physiologic tolerance to or psychological dependence on a drug
Misuse Use of a drug for a disease state in a way considered inappropriate
Physical/physiologic dependence The state in which the drug is necessary for the continued functioning of certain body process
Psychologic dependence The state in which, following withdrawal of the drug, there are manifestations of emotional abnormalities and drug-seeking behavior
Relapse Relapse is the return to drug use after an attempt to stop.
Tolerance With repeated dosing, the dose of a drug must be increased to obtain the same effect
Withdrawal The constellation of symptoms, as specified in the DSM-5, that occurs when a physically dependent person stops taking the drug
Mixed Opioid: CNS Depressants Ethyl Alcohol
Opioid Analgesic: Agonists Heroin
Opioid Analgesic: Agonists meperidine (Demerol)
Benzodiazepine: Sedative-Hypnotics diazepam (Valium)
CNS Stimulants Cocaine Methamphetamine (Desoxyn) Caffeine (Stay Awake) Nicotine (Nicorette, Nicoderm)
Withdrawal Drugs Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake Inhibitor (NDRI) bupropion (Wellbutrin SR) Nicotine receptor partial agonists varenicline (Chantix)
Psychedelics (Hallucinogens) Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) Phencyclidine (PCP) Ecstasy Cannabis (Marijuana)
Created by: l.carter9
 

 



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