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chapter 9
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anorexia | a general term for loss of appetite, usually due to ill- ness; this is distinct from anorexia nervosa, an eating disorder that is defined in Table 5-2 |
| aphthous | small, painful sore in the mouth; also called a can- ker sore |
| appendicitis | inflammation of the appendix, a tube that extends from the cecum (first part of the large intestine) and contains lymphatic tissue |
| ascites | the buildup of fluid in the abdomen |
| cachexia (kuh-KEK-see-uh) | malnutrition and weight loss that occur as the re- sult of a chronic condition |
| celiac | a disorder in which eating gluten-containing foods causes an immune response that damages the small intestine |
| cholecystalgia | gallbladder pain, generally caused by the obstruc- tion of a bile duct by a gallstone; also called biliary colic |
| cholecystitis | inflammation of the gallbladder, generally caused by the obstruction of a bile duct by a gallstone |
| cholelithiasis | a condition in which small stones (gallstones) de- velop in the gallbladder |
| cirrhosis | a disease in which healthy liver tissue is replaced by scar tissue; named for the color of the diseased tissue |
| Clostridioides | a bacterium that is spread by spores in feces; it causes symptoms such as diarrhea and nausea and can lead to serious inflammation of the colon (coli- tis); formerly called Clostridium difficile; also called C. diff or C. difficile |
| colitis | inflammation of the large intestine (colon) |
| colorectal | cancer of the colon or rectum |
| colorectal surgeon | a surgeon who treats conditions of the colon, rec- tum, and anus |
| constipation | the inability to eliminate stool (have a bowel move- ment), or the infrequent, difficult, and often painful elimination of hard, dry stool |
| Crohn | Crohn |
| dental caries | tooth decay; also called cavities |
| dentalgia | a toothache |
| dentist | a medical professional who diagnoses and treats conditions of the teeth and oral cavity |
| diarrhea | the frequent elimination of liquid or semiliquid feces |
| diverticulitis | inflammation of sacs (diverticula) that develop in the wall of the colon |
| diverticulosis | a disorder in which sac-like pouches develop in weakened areas of the wall of the colon |
| dyspepsia | indigestion |
| dysphagia | difficulty swallowing |
| emesis | vomiting |
| enteritis | inflammation of the intestine, especially of the small intestine |
| esophageal varices | enlarged, twisted veins located in the lower part of the esophagus |
| fecal impaction | a hard stool that is stuck in the rectum and cannot be expelled |
| fecal incontinence | the inability to control the bowels, leading to an in- voluntary passage of stool |
| flatulence | air in the intestine that is passed through the rec- tum, which can result in cramping or abdominal pain; also called flatus or gas |
| gastralgia | stomach pain |
| gastric cancer | cancer of the stomach |
| gastritis | inflammation of the stomach |
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joan672029