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Unit 3: China
World History Pre AP Unit 3: Ancient China
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| loess | Fine windblown yellow soil |
| clan | Group of families with a common ancestor |
| dynastic cycle | rise and fall of chinese dynasties according to the Mandate of Meaven owed. |
| feudalism | loosely organized system of government in which local lords governed their own lands but owed military service and other support to a greater lord |
| philosophy | system of ideas |
| filial piety (NEED TO KNOW) | Respect for parents/elders |
| oracle bone | in Shang China, animal bone or turtle shell used by priests to predict the future |
| characters | written symbols in writing systems such as that of the Chinese |
| calligraphy | the art of producing beautiful handwriting |
| Confucius | China's most famous philosopher, teaches the importance of education and politic service influenced many eastern asian civilizations. |
| Laozi | Old man when Confucius was a young scholar, he had a philosophy of inner peace, calm, purity mind, and living in harmony. |
| monopoly | complete control of a product or business by one person or a group |
| expansionism | policy of increasing the amount of territory a government holds |
| warlords | local military rulers |
| civil servants | government officials |
| acupuncture | medical treatment, originated in ancient China, in which needles are inserted into the skin at specific points to relieve pain or treat various illnesses |
| Shi Huangdi | Son of the king of the Qin Territory. At age 13, he became king. Using spies, he removed the leaders of 6 other surrounding states to create a unified China. |
| Wudi | 11th son of the Han emperor Jingdi, he was not destined to be king/rule but the influence of his relatives changed this and he became emperor/king. |
| Tang dynasty | Chinese dynasty from 618 to 907 |
| tributary state | independent state that has to acknowledge the supremacy of another state and pay tribute to its ruler |
| land reform | break-up of large agricultural holdings for redistribution among peasants |
| Song dynasty | An imperial Chinese dynasty that ruled from 960-1279. Was known for its economic prosperity, technological advancements, and more. |
| gentry | wealthy, landowning class |
| dowry | in some societies, payment a bride’s family makes to the bridegroom and his family; payment a woman brings to a marriage |
| pagoda | multi-storied Buddhist temple with eaves that curve up at the corners |
| Tang Taizong | 598-649 Accomplished general, government reformer, historian, confucius scholar, and artist. His qualities and skills helped him to become the most admired and honorable emperor. |
| steppe | sparse, dry, treeless plain |
| Yuan Dynasty | Chinese dynasty ruled by the Mongols from 1279 to 1368; best-known ruler was Kublai Khan |
| Ming Dynasty | Chinese dynasty in which Chinese rule was restored; held power from 1368 to 1644 |
| abacus | a device used for counting and calculating by sliding small balls or beads along rods or in grooves |
| Genghis Khan | A person who rose from poverty, imposed discipline, loyalth, and proceeded to build an army that covered the vast areas of China and became the Mongol Empire |
| Kublai Khan | Grandson of Genghis Khan, founded the Yuan Dynasty, conquered the Song Dynasty, strong intelligent ruler. |
| Marco Polo | Traveler, merchant, and adventurer, from venice, travelled from Europe to Asia from 1271-95 |
| Zheng He | Admiral in the Ming Dynasty, navy and diplomatic, made his first voyage in 1405 to Vietnam, India, and Africa |
| Legalism | Legalism is the belief that a society needs strict laws, harsh punishments, and rewards to maintain order |
| Confuciasm | A religion founded by Confucius, ELDERS ARE SUPERIORS Inferior - - - - - - - Superior |
| Daoism | a philosophical and spiritual tradition from ancient China that emphasizes living in harmony and connecting with nature. |
Created by:
Anwaar Khan