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EX2: emotional regul
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| damage to these structures will impair socioemotional behavior | vmPFC/orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), ventrolateral PFC, dorsomedial PFC, and rostral/subgenual anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC) |
| socioemotional change following vmPFC injury in modern cases | can develop sociopathy, alterations of daily behavior, impairment in ability to carry on routine activities, financial disaster, interpersonal relationship failures, reality confabulation, disorders of mood and personality |
| sociopathy | severe frontal disinhibition syndrome |
| environmental dependency syndrome | inability to modify action selection within appropriate social contexts due to lack of PFC inhibitory control, utilization behavior, imitation behavior |
| utilization behavior | overreliance on immediate external stimuli to trigger behavior) |
| imitation behavior | unabashed copying the behavior of others |
| emotional perseveration | inability to flexibly alter emotional responses to stimuli once established but no longer relevant, persistent of fears in phobias/PTSD |
| emotion regulation | Attempts to modify one’s behavioral, experiential or physiological components of emotion to a stimulus or situation |
| James Gross’s Process Model | emotion= a person-situation transaction that compels attention, has particular meaning to an individual, and gives rise to a coordinated yet flexible multisystem response to the ongoing person-situation transaction. Five families of regulation processes. |
| situation selection | emotion regulation strategy: taking actions to s that make it more or less likely that one ends up in a situation that leads to particular emotion |
| situation modification | emotion regulation strategy: Efforts to modify external, physical situation in order to alter its emotional impact |
| attentional depolyment | emotion regulation strategy: How individuals direct their attention within a given situation in order to influence their emotions |
| cognitive change | emotion regulation strategy: Changing how situations are appraised to alter their emotional significance, either by changing how we think about the situation or about our capacity to manage the demands it poses (foundation of CBT) |
| response modulation | emotion regulation strategy: Attempts to modify emotion after a response has been generated (culturally shaped, alcohol, yoga) |
| behavioral evidence for cognitive reappraisal | Valence ratings changed based on the regulatory goal, especially for negative pictures that are cognitively reappraised and not suppressed |
| physiological evidence for cognitive reappraisal | reappraisal goals also modulate startle responses |
| Social consequences of individual differences in emotion regulation strategies | Blood pressure increases in social partners of people who tend to expressively suppressors, chronic suppression leads to lower social support |
| Complications to the Gross’s Process Model | antecedent vs. response-focused distinction not clear, multiple strategy use, predictive value |
| Neural systems of cognitive reappraisal | Cognitive reappraisal changes the amygdala response, Reappraisal recruits a variety of cognitive control regions in the PFC, parietal lobe and modulates limbic/paralimbic regions like the insula and amygdala |
| vlPFC-amygdala interactions during cognitive reappraisal | Reappraising pictures to be less emotional elicits greater connectivity between the left vlPFC and bilateral amygdala relative to passively viewing pictures |
| Cognitive ability and amygdala regulation | Cognitive performance is associated with the drop in amygdala activation from passively viewing to reappraising, uggests that cognitive processes are critical for reducing left and right amygdala activation during reappraisal |
| Ventromedial PFC damage | leads to socioemotional regulation issues, including emotional perseveration, and some personality changes that lead to real-world behavioral problems as illustrated by Phineas Gage |
| James Gross’s theory | divides component processes of emotion regulation according to time (antecedent vs. response-focused) and 5 different processing stages |
| Cognitive reappraisal | can be measured both behaviorally and physiologically and increases connectivity between the ventrolateral PFC and the amygdala |
| engaged during cognitive reappraisal | A broader network of PFC regions, parietal cortex/TPJ, cingulate gyrus, and the insula |
| amygdala down-regulation during reappraisal | associated with cognitive abilities |
Created by:
justinem