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Chapter 1A

Microsoft Windows Server 2022 Slides 1

QuestionAnswer
(SAN) Storage area network: devices provide a shared pool of storage space for multiple servers.
Virtualization Process of running more than one operating system at the same time on a single computer Allows a computer to host multiple operating systems.
Hypervisor software handles virtualization
Type 2 hypervisor Runs on top of an existing workstating os (the host OS) All additional OSes are known as VMs and access the hardware through the hypervisor and the host OS
Type 1 hypervisor Interact with the hardware directly Contains a small operating system to manage the hypervisor configuration and virtual machines
Hyper-V Virtualization technology developed by Microsoft A type 1 hypervisor Allows users to run multiple operating systems on a single physical server Creates and manages Virtual Machines (VMs) Integrated with Windows Server
Thick provisioning Allocates fixed space for virtual hard disk file when it is created
Thin provisioning Dynamically allocates space as needed by the VM
Nested virtualization Run other virtual machines within an existing virtual machine Provides ability to implement a more complex virtualization structure
Containers Do not have a complete operating system They are a subet of an operating system Must be managed Must be run on an existing OS which has container runtime installed
Sandboxing executed web apps in a way that isolates them web apps running in other containers and the underlying operating system container functions as a virtual OS unique name and address Each web app (Container) can be uniquely identified on the network
Windows containers A Windows Server component Allows you to install and use Docker
Docker Most common Container software
Kernel Core operating system component Containers do not contain a kernel, so they rely on the kernel of the OS Too many containers on a single OS can slow down performance of the kernel
Hyper-V containers Solves the too many containers problem Provide additional performance for the OS kernel Provide security features to web apps Use of Hyper-V containers with Docker (next slide)
Active Directory (AD) Provides SSO (single sign-on) using domain/domain controller environment Acts as a central database provides set of services for managing users, computers, resources domain Contains Group Policy and Active Directory Certificate Services features
Domain Controller Logical grouping of computers that authenticate to a central user database Servers and clients allow access to resources by an authenticated user
Group Policy Allows adminstrators to configure OS settings, security, and nodes with the domain
NTFS New Technology File System Built-in support for file and folder permissions Compression Encrypting File System (EFS) encryption User quotas Data deduplication (data dedup) Journaling Self healing
ReFS v3 features Not a replacement for NTFS Key features… Data intergrity Large file and directory support Resilence against data corruption Data deduplication, improved performance with Storage Spaces
Privileged mode Protects kernel from problems created by a malfunctioning program or process. Protected Process Protects the program that is currently running Ex. database update which cannot be interrupted
Multitasking Run two or more programs at the same time
Multithreading Allows programs to run several program code blocks (called threads) at the same time.
Processor scalability One physical processor can include several logical processors known as cores Each core Can run its own executable threads One physical processor may have 8 or 16 or 32 or … cores
Server Manager Monitors and manages server local configurations/network servers View computer configuration info Add remove configure server roles features system properties Configure networking and security Configure and manage storage/Active Directory objects
Server core install option Removes most of graphical frameworks and processes
Nano Server install option Consumes less than 500 MB of disk space Provides four server roles: DNS server DHCP server Web server (running custom web apps) File server.
Created by: andytheroo13
 

 



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