Individual cells that receive, integrate, and transmit info

Long fiber that transmits info away to neurons

Contains nucleus and much of cells normal organs

Parts of a neuron that receives info

Brief electrical charge that travels down axon

Insulating material that encases some axons and speeds up nerve signals.

The process where neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by the sending neuron after transmitting a signal

Natural brain chemicals that reduce pain and boost pleasure or mood

Consists of glands that secrete chemicals into bloodstream that help control bodily functioning

Based in hypothalamus and releases hormones into body

A neurotransmitter that speeds up brain activity and helps with learning and memory + overstimulation | -poor learning, memory

A neurotransmitter linked to reward, motivation, and movement + hallucinations / delusions | - tremors / slow movement

A neurotransmitter that helps with muscle movement and memory. + memory loss | - muscle spasms

A neurotransmitter involved in alertness and arousal + anxiety | - depression

A neurotransmitter that calms the brain and slows nerve activity + Excessive relaxation | Anxiety

A neurotransmitter that regulates mood, sleep, and appetite. + confusion | - Depression

The brain’s outer layer responsible for voluntary movement.

The bundle of fibers connecting the brain’s two hemispheres

The brain’s relay station that directs sensory information

Brain region that controls the “4 F’s”, fight, flight, feeding, and fornication.

Brain network that controls alertness and arousal.

Controls largely unconscious but vital functions

Critical for coordination of movement & to the sense of equilibrium

Brain structure that helps form, organize, and store new memories.

Central nervous system

Brain and spinal cord that control body and process information.

Peripheral nervous system

Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord that send and receive signals.

A neurotransmitter that signals pain to the brain and spinal cord + increased pain sensitivity | - reduced pain perception

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BOE

Biological Bases

Term	Definition
neurons	Individual cells that receive, integrate, and transmit info
axon	Long fiber that transmits info away to neurons
soma	Contains nucleus and much of cells normal organs
dendrites	Parts of a neuron that receives info
action potential	Brief electrical charge that travels down axon
myelin sheath	Insulating material that encases some axons and speeds up nerve signals.
reuptake	The process where neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by the sending neuron after transmitting a signal
endorphins	Natural brain chemicals that reduce pain and boost pleasure or mood
endocrine system	Consists of glands that secrete chemicals into bloodstream that help control bodily functioning
pituitary gland	Based in hypothalamus and releases hormones into body
glutamate	A neurotransmitter that speeds up brain activity and helps with learning and memory + overstimulation \| -poor learning, memory
dopamine	A neurotransmitter linked to reward, motivation, and movement + hallucinations / delusions \| - tremors / slow movement
acetylcholine	A neurotransmitter that helps with muscle movement and memory. + memory loss \| - muscle spasms
norepinephrine	A neurotransmitter involved in alertness and arousal + anxiety \| - depression
GABA	A neurotransmitter that calms the brain and slows nerve activity + Excessive relaxation \| Anxiety
serotonin	A neurotransmitter that regulates mood, sleep, and appetite. + confusion \| - Depression
Cerebral cortex	The brain’s outer layer responsible for voluntary movement.
Corpus collosum	The bundle of fibers connecting the brain’s two hemispheres
Thalamus	The brain’s relay station that directs sensory information
Hypothalamus	Brain region that controls the “4 F’s”, fight, flight, feeding, and fornication.
Reticular formation	Brain network that controls alertness and arousal.
Medulla	Controls largely unconscious but vital functions
Cerebellum	Critical for coordination of movement & to the sense of equilibrium
Hippocampus	Brain structure that helps form, organize, and store new memories.
Amygdala	Center of emotion and fear.
Central nervous system	Brain and spinal cord that control body and process information.
Peripheral nervous system	Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord that send and receive signals.
Substance P	A neurotransmitter that signals pain to the brain and spinal cord + increased pain sensitivity \| - reduced pain perception

Created by: yatin24

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