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Unit 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the neck muscles bottoms up? | Trachea rings, cricoid cartilage, cricothyroid membrane, thyroid cartilage, thyrohyoid membrane, hyoid bone |
| HYPERthyroidism | thyroid gland is working to fast, losing weight |
| HYPOthyroidism | thyroid gland is working to slow, gaining weight |
| synergist muscle | z. same side of body. both muscles work together. EXAMPLE: traps and deltoid |
| antagonist muscle | opposite side of body. one muscle contracts other relax. EXAMPLE: bicep and tricep |
| What membrane do they puncture for a trach? | cricothyroid membrane |
| What muscle throws food down the throat? | Digastric muscle |
| Name all 4 muscles connected to the hyoid bone | omohyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, stylohoid |
| Which muscle connects to the mastoid process? | sternocleidomastoid |
| which 2 muscle connects to thyroid cartilage? | sternothyroid, thyrohyoid |
| synergist muscles in neck | sternocleidomastoid muscle (flexion- looking down) trapezius muscle (extension- looking up) |
| antagonist muscles in neck | sternocleidomastoid muscle + trapezius muscle |
| 3 joints | Ball n' socket joint, hinge joint, pivot joint |
| ball n' socket joint | most mobile. EXAMPLE: shoulder and hip |
| Hinge jont | one plane. EXAMPLE: elbow, knee, finger, wrist |
| pivot joint | move around one plane. EXAMPLE: wrist + radius. Neck c1, c2 |
| spiral fracture is most common in? | Rodeo |
| SAY RIGHT AND LEFT | SAY RIGHT AND LEFT |
| What articulates with capitulum | head of radium |
| Articulates w/ humerus trochlea | Articulates w/ ulna trochlear notch |
| Articulates w/ Humerus olecranon fossa | Articulates w/ ulna olecranon process |
| Articulates w/ humerus coronoid fossa | Articulates w/ ulna coronoid process |
| tennis elbow | repetitive motion of the wrist and arm. MOST COMMON IN electritions and Plummers |
| which vein comes off of the axillary vein | cephalic vein |
| which vein comes off of the brachial vein | basilic vein |
| median cubital is union with was 2 veins | cephalic vein and basilic vein |
| what part of the brain controls muscles | cerebellum |
| which artery do they plug off for blood pressure check? | brachial artery |
| which vein do they extract blood from? | medial cubital vein |
| What nerve supplies the muscles in the arm | musculocutaneous nerve |
| what are the nerves in the brachial plexus | axillary nerve, musculocutaneos nerve, median nerve, radial nerve, ulna nerve. |
| which ligament in rotator cuff is most commonly torn (separate shoulder) | acromioclavicular ligament |
| tendon | muscle to bone |
| ligament | bone to bone |
| sprain | ligament tearing |
| ligament torn (sprain) | 6 weeks to heal. 50% original strength |
| strain | muscle tearing |
| muscle tear (strain) | 1 week heal. 100% |
| bone hurt | 6 weeks to heal. 100% |
| SAY RIGHT OR LEFT | SAY RIGHT OR LEFT |
| where do rotator cuff muscles connect? | Humerus head |
| what muscle holds rotator cuff to back | serratus anterior |
| name the 4 muscles apart of the rotator cuff | supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis |
| which muscle brings arm in | pectoralis major |
| Pectoralis minor insertion + orgin | insertion- costal cartilages of ribs 3-5 Orgin- coracoid process and medial border of scapula |
| coracobrachialis is ends? | halfway down humerus |
| coracobrachialis function? | pull something towards you |
| 2 synergist in the arm | brachioradialis + coracobrachialis |
| which 2 veins supply blood in arm? | cephalic vein and basilic vein |
| Biceps brachii insertion + orgin | orgin= long head (medial of arm ): supraglenoid tubercle of scapula . Short head (lateral of arm): coracoid process of scapula insertion= radial tuberosity |
| Triceps brachii insertion + orgin | orgin= long head(medial to center of body): infraglenoid tubercle of scapula. med + lat head: humerus insertion= olecranon process of ulna |
| triceps brachii function? | Extension of forearm |
| Brachioradialis insertion + orgin | orgin= lat. supracondylar ridge of humerus insertion= styloid process of radius |
| 3 muscles that are in charge of rotation of forearm? | pronator teres, pronator quadratus (square), supinator |
| pronator | facedown |
| supinator | face up |
| flexors in forearm (palm up) | Common flexor tendon, flexor palmaris, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundis, flecor pollicus, flexor retinaculum. Say right and left |
| Extensors in forearm (palm down) | common extensor tendon, brachioradialis, extensor carpi radials longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris, abductor pollicis, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor digitorum, extensor digit minimi, extensor indi |
| carpals | end at wrist |
| digits | wrist to fingers |
| which extensor in forearm is controls the index finger | extensor indicus |
| which forearm extensors are part of the upper fan | Brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpa radialis brevis |
| which forearm extensors are part of the lower fan | abductor pollicis, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus |
| what forearm extensor controls 4 fingers | extensor digitorum |
| what is the primary source of pain in carpal tunnel syndrome | median nerve |
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