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BOE
Research Methods
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hindsight Bias | Tendency to believe, after learning the outcome, that you knew it all along |
| Operational Definition | Carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research study |
| Case Study | Detailed investigation used to examine an individual or group in hopes of revealing a universalizing idea. |
| Naturalistic Observation | Observing/recording behavior in natural environment |
| Survey | Method of collecting self-reported data from a group of people |
| Experiment | A study that manipulates a variable to find cause and effect. |
| Control Group | A group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment |
| Experimental Group | A group in an experiment that receives the treatment |
| Population | All those in a group being studied from which samples may be drawn |
| Random Sample | Fairly represents a population since everyone has an equal chance of inclusion |
| Representative Sample | Participants closely match the characteristics of the population |
| Convenience Sample | Collecting from a readily available group |
| Random Assignment | Each participant has an equal chance of selection for the experimental and control group |
| Double-Blind Procedure | A setup where neither participants nor researchers know who gets the treatment. |
| Placebo | A fake treatment given to control groups to compare effects |
| Independent Variable | A factor that the researcher manipulates in an experiment |
| Dependent Variable | A factor that the researcher measures in an experiment. |
| Statistical Significance | Shows results are likely real, not due to chance. |
| Effect Size | A measure of how meaningful the relationship is in a study. |
| Standard Deviation | Average difference between each score in the mean |
| Quantitative Measures | Numerical data that can be analyzed statistically |
| Qualitative Measures | Non-numerical data that describes qualities or characteristics. |
| Meta-analysis | A technique that combines multiple studies to identify overall trends |