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Cells, Cell Membrane

TermDefinition
Centrioles Help organize microtubules for cell division
Cytoplasm All the organelles (exception of nucleus), substances, and fluid within the cell
Cytoskeleton Network of fibers that hold the cell together, helps the cell keep its shape, and aids in cellular movement
Golgi Apparatus Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins/enzymes in preparation for transportation and secretion
Lysosomes Contain enzymes that break down molecules and other cellular waste into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell
Mitochondria Coverts chemical energy stored in food into ATP
Nucleolus Transcribes and modified RNA (makes ribosomes)
Nucleus Contains the cells genetic material in the form of DNA and regulated cell growth and metabolism
Plasma Membrane Thin, flexible layer that covers a cell's surface and acts as a barrier, controlling the entrance and exit of materials
Ribosomes Made of RNA and protein, site of protein synthesis
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Processes and transports proteins/enzymes throughout the cell
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Metabolizes lipids (phospholipids and steroids) and transports them throughout the cell
Vaculoe Provides temporary storage of nutrients, waste products, and other materials
Channel Protein Proteins that form a tunnel through the membrane and allow molecules to pass
Carbohydrate Macromolecule that carries energy
Glycoprotein Cholesterol chain attached to a protein
Carrier Protein Proteins that change shape to allow molecules through
Glycolipid Cholesterol chain attached to a lipid
Ingrained Protein Protein tightly engrained in the lipid bilayer
Peripheral Protein Protein attached only to surface of the membrane
Phospholipid Phosphate head and hydrocarbon tail, make up double-layered cell membrane
Cholesterol Control fluidity, decrease at warm temperatures and increase at cold
Phosphate head Polar head of a phospholipid, face outside environment
Hydrocarbon tail Non-polar tail of phospholipid, face inside of membrane
Small, nonpolar molecules, water What can pass through the membrane easily?
Large, polar molecules, ions What cannot pass through the membrane easily?
Receptor Proteins Proteins that receive and respond to environmental signals
Transmembrane proteins Proteins that span the entire membrane
Created by: user-1620663
 

 



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