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Skeletal System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| the skeletal system | bones, articulations, ligaments, catilage |
| Axial skeleton | bones of the trunk |
| Appendicular Skeleton | bones of the extremities and connections to trunk |
| Vertebral Column | made of vertebrae, sacrum, and coccyx |
| Types of vertebrae | cervical, thoracic, lumbar |
| Number of cervical vertebrae | 7 |
| Number of throracic vertebrae | 12 |
| Number of lumbar vertebrae | 5 |
| Body (of vertebrae) | larger round part, not on C1 |
| Dens | only on the axis, sticks up |
| Vertebral foramen | hole in center for spinal cord |
| transverse processes | processes sticking out on the sides |
| transverse foramina | small holes on the sides, only on cervical vertebrae |
| spinous process | process sticking out on back |
| superior articulating facets | processes with smooth spots pointing up |
| inferior articulating facets | processes with smooth spots pointing down |
| nucleus pulposus | gel-like center of intervertebral discs |
| annulus fibrosis | tough cartilaginous outside of intervertebral discs |
| thoracic cage | the sternum and ribs |
| sternum | made of manubrium, body, xiphoid process, jugular notch, and sternal angle |
| manubrium | top section of sternum |
| body (sternum) | middle section of sternum |
| xiphoid process | bottom section of sternum |
| jugular notch | top notch of sternum |
| sternal angle | between manubrium and body |
| head of ribs | round end of rib |
| neck of ribs | thinned end of rib from head |
| tubercle of ribs | bump on side of rib |
| Articulations of axial skeleton | atlantooccipital, facet, lumbosacral, costovertebral, costotransverse |
| Atlantooccipital joint | Where C1/Atlas articulates with the occipital condyles of the skull to form a joint |
| facet joint | Where superior articulating facets of a vertebra articulate with the inferior articulating facets of an adjacent vertebra to form a joint |
| lumbosacral joint | Where L5 articulates with the sacrum to form a joint |
| costovertebral joint | The heads of the ribs articulate with the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae to form a joint |
| costotransverse joint | tubercles of the ribs articulate with the transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae to form a joint |