Bryophyte characteristics

No vascular tissue for transporting water and nutrients, small, can only move water through osmosis an nutrients through diffusion, anchor themselves with rhizoids (hair like structures), require water for sexual reproduction

pteridophyte characteristics

vascular plants (contain xylem and phloem), don't produce seeds, reproduce using drought-resistant spores, spores transferred via wind/water, water is required for fertilization

protect plant embryo, provide them w/ nutrients and permit them to survive long periods of unfavorable conditions, allow for large dispersal area (far away from parent plant)

vascular plants, develop naked seeds/seeds not enclosed within a container (like fruit), male and female gametophytes form within cones, wind pollination (don't rely on water)

vascular plants, produce seeds inside a sealed structure (fruit), seeds contain an endosperm- supply of stored food, fruits is an adaptation that enhances seed dispersal

male and female gametophytes develop in flowers- promotes pollination and fertilization by attracting insects/animals, sorted into 2 groups- monocots and dicots

protect flower from damage while it's a bud

pollen producing sac at top (produces male gamete)

produces ovules (develop in the ovary- swollen lower portion)

contains female gametophytes; develops into fruit once fertilized

1 plant has both FG/MG- good bc it ensures that frtlztn can occur w/o a pollinator however over time it can = in a (-) in genetic var. can be bad if the environment changes. the + phenotypes in a population, the ^ the chance some organisms will survive

one big root that goes deep into the ground to absorb more water

many small roots that spread out

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Biology-

Plant Diversity

Question	Answer
Bryophytes	Non-vascular plants
Bryophyte characteristics	No vascular tissue for transporting water and nutrients, small, can only move water through osmosis an nutrients through diffusion, anchor themselves with rhizoids (hair like structures), require water for sexual reproduction
Pteridophytes	Seedless vascular plants
pteridophyte characteristics	vascular plants (contain xylem and phloem), don't produce seeds, reproduce using drought-resistant spores, spores transferred via wind/water, water is required for fertilization
Vascular plants with seeds	gymnosperms or angio sperms
purpose of seeds	protect plant embryo, provide them w/ nutrients and permit them to survive long periods of unfavorable conditions, allow for large dispersal area (far away from parent plant)
gymnosperms	vascular plants, develop naked seeds/seeds not enclosed within a container (like fruit), male and female gametophytes form within cones, wind pollination (don't rely on water)
Angiosperms	vascular plants, produce seeds inside a sealed structure (fruit), seeds contain an endosperm- supply of stored food, fruits is an adaptation that enhances seed dispersal
Angiosperms	male and female gametophytes develop in flowers- promotes pollination and fertilization by attracting insects/animals, sorted into 2 groups- monocots and dicots
sepals	protect flower from damage while it's a bud
petals	attract pollinators
stamens	produce pollen
filament	stalk
anther	pollen producing sac at top (produces male gamete)
pistil	produces ovules (develop in the ovary- swollen lower portion)
stigma	sticky top where pollen lands
style	stalk
ovary	contains female gametophytes; develops into fruit once fertilized
self fertilization	1 plant has both FG/MG- good bc it ensures that frtlztn can occur w/o a pollinator however over time it can = in a (-) in genetic var. can be bad if the environment changes. the + phenotypes in a population, the ^ the chance some organisms will survive
taproot	one big root that goes deep into the ground to absorb more water
fibrous roots	many small roots that spread out
roots

Created by: taka.

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