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Ch 3 The Atmosphere

QuestionAnswer
weather The condition of Earth's atmosphere at a specific time and place
atmosphere The envelope of gases that surround the earth
water vapor Water in the form of a gas
density The ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of that substance.
air pressure The pressure caused by the weight of an air column pushing down on an area.
barometer An instrument used to measure changes in air pressure
mercury barometer AN instrument that measures changes in air pressure consisting of a glass tube partially filled with mercury, with its open end resting in a dish of mercury.
aneroid barometer An instrument that measures changes in air pressure without using a liquid
altitude Elevation above sea level
troposphere The lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere
stratosphere The second-lowest layer of earths atmosphere
mesosphere The layer of Earth's atmosphere sitting directly above the stratosphere
thermosphere The outermost layer of earth's atmosphere
ionosphere The lower part of the thermosphere
exosphere the outer layer of the thermosphere
electromagnetic waves a wave that can transfer electric and magnetic energy through the vacuum of space.
radiation The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves.
infrared radiation Electromagnetic waves with longer wavelengths that are longer than visible light but shorter than microwaves.
ultraviolet radiation Electromagnetic waves with wavelengths shorter than visible light but longer than X-rays
scattering Reflection of light in all directions
greenhouse effect the trapping of heat near a planet's surface by certain gases in the planet's atmosphere
temperature How hot or cold something is; a measure of the average motion of the particles of a substance.
thermal energy The total energy of all the particles of an object.
thermometer An instrument used to measure temperature
heat The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another because of a difference in temperature.
convection The transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a fluid.
conduction The transfer of thermal energy from one particle of matter to another
convection currents The movement of a fluid, caused by differences in temperature, that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another
wind The horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of lower pressure
anemometer An instrument used to measure wind speed
wind-chill factor A measure of cooling combining temperature and wind speed.
local winds Winds that blow over short distances
sea breeze the flow of cooler air over an ocean or lake toward land
land breeze the flow of air from land to a body of water.
global winds Winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances.
Coriolis effect The effect of Earth's rotation on the direction of winds and currents.
latitude The distance in degrees north or south of the equator.
Created by: jdreslinski002
 

 



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