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Geographical Terms

QuestionAnswer
Explains the symbols, colors, and lines used on a map. Map Key (Legend)
A symbol that shows directions (North, South, East, and West) on a map. Compass Rose
The title tells you what the map is about — it describes the subject or purpose. Map Title
is a visual representation of an area showing physical features, political boundaries, or other information. Map
Shows the relationship between distance on the map and distance in the real world. Scale
Imaginary lines that run east-west around the Earth and measure distance north or south of the Equator. Latitude
Imaginary lines that run north-south and measure distance east or west of the Prime Meridian. Longitude
The line that divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Equator
The line that divides the Earth into the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. Prime Meridian
Half of the Earth’s surface — divided into Northern, Southern, Eastern, and Western Hemispheres
A network of latitude and longitude lines used to find exact locations on a map. Grid System
The specific latitude and longitude used to find a location. Coordinates
Shows natural features like mountains, rivers, and deserts. Physical Map
Shows borders, cities, and countries. Political Map
Focuses on a specific topic or theme. Thematic Map
Shows elevation and landforms using contour lines. Topographic Map
The exact location of a place on a map. Absolute Location
A place's location in relationship to another place. Relative Location
a conformal cylindrical map projection first presented by Flemish geographer and mapmaker Gerardus Mercator in 1569 Mercator Projection
the line extending between the South and North Poles that is the boundary between one calendar day and the next. International Date Line
the science and art of making maps and charts Cartography
the belief that one's own culture is superior to others and the tendency to judge other cultures by the standards of one's own Ethnocentrism
the customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation, people, or other social group Culture
the process by which knowledge, innovation, language, or cultural characteristics are spread within or between cultures or communities. Cultural Diffusion
the view that concepts and moral values must be understood in their own cultural context and not judged according to the standards of a different culture. Cultural Relativism
 



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