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Unit 3 Chapter 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| hearth | the source or origin where a religion or ethnicity began |
| universal religion | actively seeks converts to its faith regardless of their ethnic backgrounds. |
| Missionary | An individual who helps to diffuse a universalizing religion. |
| ethnic religion | religion that is identified with a particular ethnic or tribal group and that does not seek new converts |
| monotheistic | Belief in one god |
| polytheistic | Belief in many gods or deities. |
| sequent occupance | theory that a place is occupied by different groups of people, each group leaving an imprint on the place from which the next group learns |
| Secular | Non-religious |
| Atheism | Belief that there is no god. |
| Agnosticism | the belief that God's existence cannot be known |
| Animism | The belief that bodies of water, animals, trees, and other natural objects have spirits |
| Abrahamic Religions | 3 religions that regard Abraham as their ancestor in faith: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam |
| Christianity | The religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, which are written down in the Bible. Followers are called Christians. |
| Church | Place of worship for Christians |
| Catholicism | The system, doctrine, and practice of the Roman Catholic Church, which is the largest branch of the religion. |
| Orthodox Church | A form of Christianity that broke away from the Catholic Church in 1054 (Great Schism) |
| Protestantism | A form of Christianity that protested and broke away from the Catholic church in 1517 (Protestant Reformation) |
| Islam | A religion based on the teachings of the prophet Mohammed which stresses belief in one god (Allah), which is written in the Quran. Followers are called Muslims. |
| Mosque | Place of worship for Muslims |
| Shia Islam | Type of Islam who believe that the Prophet Muhammad's descendants should be leaders of the faith. Minority of Islamic followers. |
| Sunni Islam | Muslims belonging to branch of Islam believing that the community should select its own leadership. Largest branch of the religion. |
| Judaism | A religion with a belief in one god. It originated with Abraham and the Hebrew people. They preserved their early history in the Old Testament. Followers are Jews. |
| Synagogue | Place of worship for Judaism. |
| Buddhism | The teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire and that enlightenment releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth. Followers are Buddhists. |
| Pagoda | The Buddhist place of worship |
| Hinduism | A religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms. Followers are Hindu. |
| Mandir | Hindu place of worship |
| Sikhism | The doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam. Followers are Sikhs. |
| Gurdwara | Sikh place of worship |
| Theocracy | A government controlled by religious leaders |
| fundamentalism | Literal interpretation and strict adherence to basic principles of a religion |
| Pilgrimage | a religious journey taken by a person to a sacred place of their religion. |
| diaspora | A dispersion of people from their homeland |
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