Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bio Test 2
| Answer | |
|---|---|
| What is the monomer that makes up DNA? | Nucleotide (DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid) |
| What intermolecular force is responsible for holding the two strands of DNA double helix together? | hydrogen bonds |
| What DNA strands are complimentary? | G-C and A-T |
| How does the structure of DNA encode genetic information? | sequence of bases (GACT) |
| Three parts of a nucleotide | phosphate>sugar> nitrogenous base |
| Which enzyme pairs corresponding nucleotides to a preexisting DNA chain in order to synthesize a new strand of DNA? | DNA polymerase |
| Which enzyme separates the two complimentary strands of DNA during DNA replication? | helicase |
| Since DNA is replicated semi conservatively, what does each new daughter cell receive from the parent cell after replication and mitosis? | 1 original and 1 new |
| What is a genome? | the collection of genetic material in a cell or organism |
| What is short tandem repeat analysis? | a procedure that compares the length of short, repeated DNA regions across samples |
| How are DNA fragments separated using gel electrophoresis? | smaller DNA sequences move through the field more quickly |
| If a mutation disables one of these checkpoints, what is most likely to happen? | cell begins to divide uncontrollably, forming a tumor |
| At what phase of mitosis does chromatin condense into chromosomes as the nuclear membrane breaks down? | prophase |
| Function of the centromere in the transmission of genetic information | the attachment point for the mitotic spindle |
| What is the function of the mitotic spindle? | separating sister chromatids |
| What is the product of cell division by mitosis? | two progeny cells with identical chromosomes |
| What is a phenotype | a physical trait produced by an organism's genetic makeup |
| What are homologous chromosomes? | chromosomes with the same genes but different parental origins |
| What is a zygote | diploid cell resulting from fertilization |
| Phases of meiosis | Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
| difference between meiosis and mitosis | Meiosis creates 4 copies and mitosis creates 2 |
| Crossing over | process where homologous chromosomes switch pieces to increase genetic diversity |
| In which sex is color-blindness more prevalent and why? | males as it is a x-linked trait and males only have 1 x and therefore cannot go without |
| incompletely dominate alleles | two alleles that blend to create an intermediate phenotype |
| Incomplete dominance characteristics | heterozygous individuals have a phenotype intermediate to dominate and recessive, dominate plant is red, recessive is white= pink |
| codominant allele | two alleles that are expressed separately and equally |
| Polygenic trait | a trait that is influences by more than one gene |
| Epigenetic gene regulation | heritable changes in gene expression that occur without altering the DNA sequence |
| aneuploidy | having an incomplete number of chromosomes, either mission or too many |
| nondisjunction | sister chromatids not separating at the centromere |
| How many chromosomes in human cell | 46- 23 pairs |
| Can DNA be found in red blood cells | No, they do not have a nucleus |
| Genome | the entire sequence of DNA in a cell used for DNA profiling |
| What makes STR's different in each person | STR can repeat different amount of times in every person and is what makes people most unique |
| Gel electrophoresis separates DNA for profiling based on? | by size, depending on what can pass through |
| How many bands in a single STR Site | one or two |
| BRCA1 | tumor supressor |
| many more mutations in our genes if not for | activity of repair enzymes |
Created by:
Gilli