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Science test forsoil
Soil and weathering
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Weathering | The mechanical and chemical processes that change Earth's surface over time |
| Mechanical weathering | Physical processes that naturally break rocks into smaller pieces |
| Chemical weathering | The process that changes the composition of rocks and minerals due to exposure to the environment |
| Oxidation | The process that combine the element oxygen with other elements or molecules |
| Soil | A mixture of weathered rock, rock fragments, decayed organic matter, water and air |
| Organic matter | Remains of something that was once alive |
| Pores | Small holes and spaces in soil |
| Decomposition | The breaking down of dead organisms and organic waste |
| Parent material | The starting material of soil consisting of rock or sediment that is subject to weathering |
| Climate | The long-term average weather conditions that occur in a particular region |
| Topography | The shape or steepness of a landscape |
| Biota | All the organisms that live in a region |
| Horizons | Layer of soil formed from the movement of the products of weathering |
| What are 5 factors of soil formations | Time,biota, topography, climate, parent material |
| What is the surface area of a rock | It is the amount of space on the outside of a rock |
| What are effects of weathering | Paint fades, metal-rust and wod-dries out and changes color |
| What are causes of mechanical weathering | Ice wedging, abrasion, plants and animals |
| What affects weathering rates | Environment, water, temperature and rock type |
| What are soil horizons | They are layers of soil formed from the movement of the products of weathering |
| Is soil the same everywhere | No |
| How does sand feel | Rough |
| How does silt feel | Smooth |
| How does clay feel | Sticky |
| What are soil properties | Texture, color, ph, structure, consistency, infiltration, soil moisture, fertility and temperature |
| Why are pores important | They let water flow into and out of soil |
| How does biota help in soil formation | It speeds up the process of soil formation, and some make passages for water to flow through |
| What is both halves of soil | Solid material and half is liquid and gas |
| What is in horizon A | Most organic material and it usually dark |
| What is in horizon b | Clay |
| What is in horizon c | Weathered parent material, rock and sediment |
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