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AP Art History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Stele | An upright stone slab or pillar, often carved or inscribed, used as a monument or marker. |
| Terracotta | A type of fired clay, typically reddish-brown, used for sculpture, pottery, and architectural elements. |
| Lost-wax process | A method of bronze casting in which a wax model is covered in clay or plaster, melted away, and replaced with molten metal. |
| Relief sculpture | Sculpture in which figures or forms project from a background surface. |
| Shallow relief | Relief sculpture with very slight projection from the background (also called low relief or bas-relief) |
| Sunken relief | Relief sculpture where the image is carved below the surface level, with the surrounding surface remaining higher. |
| High relief | Relief sculpture where figures project significantly from the background, sometimes nearly in the round. |
| Architrave | The lowest horizontal element of the entablature, resting directly on the columns. |
| Frieze | The middle section of the entablature, often decorated with sculpture or relief. |
| Ziggurat | A stepped, pyramid-like platform used in ancient Mesopotamia to support a temple. |
| Post and lintel | A construction system with vertical posts supporting a horizontal beam (lintel). |
| Megalith | A large stone used in prehistoric monuments. |
| Axial plan | A building plan arranged along a straight, central axis |
| Clerestory | The upper part of a building’s wall, containing windows above adjacent roofs, allowing light into the interior |
| Pylon | A massive gateway with sloping walls, marking the entrance to an Egyptian temple. |
| Hypostyle hall | A hall whose roof is supported by rows of columns. |
| Column | A vertical, cylindrical support, often with a base, shaft, and capital. |
| Column capital | The topmost element of a column, often decorated, that transitions to the structure above. |
| Tholos | A circular building or tomb, often with a conical roof. |
| Stoa | A covered walkway or portico used for public gatherings in ancient Greece. |
| Pediment | The triangular space at the end of a building, above the entablature, often decorated with sculpture. |
| Stylobate | The upper platform or step on which columns stand in classical architecture. |
| Concrete | A building material made of cement, water, and aggregates, widely used by the Romans for durable construction. |
| Arch | A curved structural element that spans an opening, transferring weight to supports. |
| Vault | An arched ceiling or roof structure. |
| Barrel vault | A vault forming a continuous semicircular arch. |
| Groin vault | A vault created by the intersection of two barrel vaults. |
| Peristyle | A continuous row of columns surrounding a courtyard or garden. |
| Basilica | A large Roman public building with a central nave, side aisles, and an apse; later adapted for Christian churches. |
| Dome | A rounded vault forming the roof of a building or ceiling. |
| Apotropaic | Intended to ward off evil; often refers to protective symbols or figures in art. |
| Twisted perspective | A representation combining multiple viewpoints in a single figure, often with heads shown in profile but bodies frontally. |
| Narrative | Art that tells a story through imagery. |
| Continuous narrative | A single scene that depicts multiple moments of a story, with repeated figures. |
Created by:
Emma.lasiter