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Circulatory Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hearts weight? | less than 1 lb |
| Medial cavity of the thorax is called? | mediastinum |
| What organ is located in this cavity? | heart |
| How much of the heart lies to the left of midsternal line? | 2/3 |
| What and where is the point of maximal intensity? | between the 5th and 6th rib; just below the left nipple |
| What is the double membrane sac surrounding the heart called? | pericardium |
| What does the pericardial cavity lie between? | between the parietal layer and the visceral layer |
| What is inside the pericardial cavity? | serous fluid |
| What are the 3 layers of the heart? | epicardium /visceral pericardium , myocardium, endocardium |
| Which layer is associated with fat? | epicardium |
| Which layer contains cardiac muscle? | myocardium |
| What is the interior lining of the heart called? | endocardium |
| What type of tissue is the lining composed of? | connective tissue |
| What is the major wall separating the left and right sides of the heart? | intraventricular septum |
| Name the 4 chambers. | right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle |
| Name the 2 veins that bring blood to the right atrium. | superior vena cava, inferior vena cava |
| Name the veins that bring blood to the left atrium. | left pulmonary vein, right pulmonary vein |
| Name the major artery that leaves the right ventricle. | pulmonary artery/ pulmonary trunk |
| Name the major artery that leaves the left ventricle. | aorta |
| Largest veins in body? | vena cava/ left vena cava to be exact |
| Largest artery in the body? | aorta |
| The largest ventricle with the thickest walls is? | left ventricle |
| The valves located between the aorta and pulmonary arteries and the ventricles. How many flaps do they contain? | aorta- aortic semilunar valve - 3 flaps pulmonary semilunar valves - 3 flaps |
| The valve located between the right atrium and right ventricle. How many flaps does it contain? | tricuspid - 3 flaps |
| The valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle. How many flaps does it contain? | bicuspid - 2 flaps |
| This anchors the valves in their closed position; “heart stings”. | cordea tendane |
| What muscle are the cords attached to? | papillary muscles |
| Be able to trace the blood flow through the heart, body and lungs = Cardiac Circuit. | venacavas- R.atrium- tricuspid- r. ventricle-pulmonary semilunar valves, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries- lungs- l.r. veins- left atrium- bicuspid- l.ventricle- aortic semilunar valves- aorta |
| circulation to the lungs? | pulmonary circuit |
| circulation to the body? | systemic circuit |
| circulation to the kidneys? | renal circuit |
| circulation to the liver | hepatic circuit |
| circulation to the brain | cerebral circuit |
| circulation to digestive organs | splanchnic circuit |
| circulation to the heart | cardiac circuit |
| What blood vessel carries the purest blood in the body? | arteries |
| Name an artery and a vein that carries oxygenated blood. | pulmonary vein; aorta |
| Name an artery and a vein that carries deoxygenated blood. | pulmonary artery; vena cava |
| What is the term used to describe the ability of the heart to contract without the nervous system’s involvement? | myogenic/ intrinsic |
| What is the natural pacemaker of the heart? | sinoatrial node/ SA node |
| Put in order how blood travels from the heart back to the heart within the different types of blood vessels: capillaries, venules, arterioles, veins, arteries. | veins-venules- capillaries- artrioles- arteries |
| The blood vessel responsible for gas exchange between blood and tissues is? | capillaries |
| Which type of blood vessel carries blood away from heart? | arteries |
| which type of blood vessel carries blood toward the heart? | veins |
| What helps keep blood flowing in the veins with lower pressure and against gravity? | valves and skeletal muscle contractions |
| Which blood vessel is most numerous? | capillaries |
| Total length of blood vessels in adult humans is? | 100,000 km or 60,000 miles |
| Inner space of the blood vessels is called? | lumen |
| Average total volume of blood in adult humans? | 5 liters |
| Normal heartbeat rate is? | 75 beats/minute |
| Normal blood pressure in adults is? | 90- 120 / 60-90 |
| What can cause blood pressure to vary? | gender, height, weight, age, race, socioeconomic status, mood, physical activity, posture |
| What heart chambers are the receiving chambers? | atria |
| 23. What heart chambers are the pumping chambers? | ventricles |
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user-1961104