Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Physiology SS 1
First StudyStack Assignment (1-6) Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the primary role of negative feedback in the body? | To maintain homeostasis by reversing any change that deviates from the set point |
| What is the fundamental difference between anatomy and physiology? | Anatomy is the study of structure (what things are), and Physiology is the study of function (how things work). |
| How does oxygen enter a cell (a passive process)? | Through Simple Diffusion, moving directly across the phospholipid bilayer from an area of high concentration (outside) to low concentration (inside). |
| What is the main function of the sodium-potassium (Na+/K+) pump? | It maintains the resting membrane potential by actively transporting 3Na+ ions out and 2K+ into the cell. |
| What is the key function of the mitochondria? | To perform Cellular Respiration and generate the majority of the cell's ATP (adenosine triphosphate). |
| What is the physiological purpose of cilia on epithelial cells (e.g., in the respiratory tract)? | To create sweeping movements to propel substances (like mucus and trapped debris) across the cell surface. |
| Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for peristalsis (moving food through the digestive tract)? | Smooth Muscle, which contracts involuntarily to move substances through hollow internal organs. |
| What is the primary function of neuroglia (glial cells) in nervous tissue? | They support, insulate, and protect the neurons, maintaining the necessary environment for neural function. |
| What is the function of the strong, elastic Extracellular Matrix in connective tissue? | provides support, strength, and resilience to the tissue, often serving as a medium for transport and hydration. |
| What is the function of the tight junctions found between certain epithelial cells? | To form an impermeable barrier that prevents substances from passing between the cells (paracellular route). |
| What is the main physiological consequence of the skin being compromised by a third-degree burn? | Massive fluid loss (leading to dehydration) and increased risk of infection, as the skin's barrier function is destroyed. |
| How does the body use vasodilation in the skin to regulate core temperature? | Blood vessels near the skin surface widen, allowing more warm blood to flow closer to the surface to release heat. |
| What is the specific physiological role of melanin in the skin? | To protect the DNA of skin cells from damage caused by UV radiation by absorbing the light. |
| How are nutrients supplied to the epidermis (the outermost skin layer)? | Since the epidermis is avascular (lacks blood vessels), nutrients must be supplied by diffusion from the capillaries in the underlying dermis. |
| What are the key physiological functions of adipose tissue? | Energy storage, insulation (thermal regulation), and organ cushioning (protection). |
| What is the main product of sebaceous glands and its function? | Sebum (oil), which lubricates the skin and hair, prevents desiccation, and contains bactericidal agents. |
| A cell is actively making and secreting a large amount of a protein hormone. Which two organelles would be most prominent? | Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) (for synthesis) and the Golgi Apparatus (for modification and packaging). |
| Why is the Sagittal Plane clinically important in imaging (MRI, CT scans)? | It divides the body into right and left portions, allowing clinicians to view structures from the side (lateral perspective). |
| What is the physiological process that moves water across the cell membrane to equalize solute concentration? | Osmosis, which is the passive diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. |
| What function is served by the large amount of collagen and elastin found in the dermis? | To provide the skin with strength and elasticity, allowing it to stretch and recoil without tearing. |
| What is the physiological process of Endochondral Ossification? | The formation of bone by replacing a hyaline cartilage model. This is how most long bones are formed and how they grow in length at the epiphyseal plate. |
| Name the bone cell that is primarily responsible for breaking down bone matrix (resorption). | Osteoclasts: Large, multi-nucleated cells that secrete acids and enzymes to dissolve the bone matrix, releasing minerals (like calcium) into the blood. |
| What is the location and function of the epiphyseal plate (growth plate) in a juvenile long bone? | Located between the diaphysis and epiphysis. Its function is to allow longitudinal bone growth via continuous cartilage growth and subsequent ossification. |
| Besides support and protection, what are two vital homeostatic functions of the adult skeletal system? | Mineral Storage (primarily calcium and phosphate) and Hematopoiesis (blood cell formation in the red bone marrow). |
| What is the purpose of the tiny channels called canaliculi in compact bone? | To form a network of small passageways that connect osteocytes in their lacunae, allowing for nutrient/waste exchange and communication. |
Created by:
thowell86