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Study stack set 1

QuestionAnswer
What is homeostasis The body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.
List the levels of organization in the body. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism.
What is physiology? The study of how body parts function
What is a covalent bond? A chemical bond where atoms share electrons.
Define pH A measure of hydrogen-ion concentration
What are the two divisions of metabolism? Catabolism and anabolism.
What organelle is the “powerhouse” of the cell? The mitochondrion.
Define osmosis. Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
What structure regulates movement of materials in/out of the cell? The plasma membrane.
What are the four main tissue types? Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
What is the function of epithelial tissue? Protection, secretion, absorption.
What cells conduct electrical impulses? Neurons
What are the layers of the skin? Epidermis and dermis.
What is the main pigment for skin color? Melanin
Name two skin functions Protection and temperature regulation
What is the functional unit of muscle contraction? The sarcomere.
What proteins form cross-bridges? Actin and myosin
Which muscle type is voluntary? Skeletal muscle
What are the main divisions of the nervous system? CNS and PNS.
Define synapse The junction between two neurons where neurotransmitters transmit signals
What is the function of the myelin sheath? To insulate and speed impulse transmission.
What are the five special senses? Vision, hearing, equilibrium, taste, and smell.
What part of the eye regulates light entry? The iris
What receptors detect pain? Nociceptors
What are hormones? Chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands.
Which gland controls other glands? The pituitary gland
What hormone regulates blood sugar? Insulin
What are the heart’s four chambers? Two atria and two ventricles
What is the function of valves in the heart? To prevent backflow of blood
What is systole? Contraction phase of the heart
What is lymph? Fluid transported through lymphatic vessels
What do lymph nodes do? Filter lymph and trap pathogens.
What is the main muscle of breathing? The diaphragm.
Where does gas exchange occur? In the alveoli.
What gas do we exhale? Carbon dioxide.
What is the main site of nutrient absorption? The small intestine
What enzyme begins starch digestion? Salivary amylase
What organ produces bile? The liver
Created by: user-1993568
 

 



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