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joints and motion
a&p various types of joints and joint motion
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| sutures | immobile or slightly mobile joints, skull bones. fibrous joint |
| gomphoses | attachment of tooth to its socket, fibrous joint |
| syndesmoses | where two bones are bound by long collagen fibers, fibrous joints |
| synchondroses | bones joined by hyaline cartilage, cartilaginous joint |
| symphysis | two bones joined by fibrocartilage |
| articular disc | pad that crosses entire joint capsule, |
| meniscus | crescent mood pad that doesn't go entirely across joint capsule, |
| tendon | strip of collagenous tissue to attach muscle to bone |
| ligament | attaching one bone to another |
| bursa | fibrous sac filled with fluid between muscles, tendons over bones, or between bone and skin |
| tendon sheath | cylindrical bursa wrapped around a tendon |
| ball and socket joint | shoulder and hip, synovial joint |
| hinge joint | monoaxial joint, strongest with most ct and ligaments, knee and elbow. synovial |
| pivot joint | bone that spins on longitudinal axis, radioulnar joint @ elbow, synovial |
| planar joints | gliding joints, bones slide over one another. synovial |
| saddle joint | both bones have a concave and convex surface, opposable thumb. synovial |
| condylar (ellipsoid) joint | one convex or concave fits into complimentary shaped depression |
| flexion | movement that decreases joint angle |
| extension | movement that straightens joint |
| hyperextension | extension of joint beyond zero position |
| abduction | movement of body away from midline |
| adduction | movement back toward midline |
| circumduction | one end is stationary, the other circles |
| rotation | bone spins on its longitudinal axis |
| medial rotation | inward turning of bone |
| lateral rotation | outward turning of bone |