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Ariel Garza
Physiology weeks 1-6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The impact of effector activity on sensors may be positive or negative. Therefore, homeostatic control mechanisms are categorized as | organs that are directly influenced by physiological variables or mechanisms. |
| Processes for maintaining or restoring homeostasis are known as | homeostatic control mechanisms. |
| Because negative feedback control systems oppose changes that are opposite in direction to the initial disturbance, they are | slowed or maintained in the homeostatic range. |
| The concept that information may flow ahead to another process to trigger a change in anticipation of an event that will follow is called | feed-forward. |
| Events that lead to an immune response to an infection or the formation of a blood clot are examples of | positive feedback. |
| Local control or _____, intrinsic mechanisms often make use of chemical signals. | autoregulation |
| Of the pathogenic organisms, which of the following are the most complex? | Tapeworms |
| When two amino acids are joined, a peptide bond is formed and an H+ ion is released. | False |
| ATP | is the form of energy that cells generally use. |
| Chaperone proteins assist in the proper folding of other proteins so they can have the correct functional shape. | True |
| A triglyceride is composed of a glycerol molecule and three of the same type of fatty acid. | False |
| Which of the following is polymer of glucose that is sometimes referred to as animal starch? | Glycogen |
| What determines how a protein performs? | shape |
| DNA and RNA are important because | information molecules. |
| When two molecules of glucose are joined, they form which disaccharide? | Maltose |
| DNA: | is a double-helix strand of nucleotides. |
| A structural lipid found in the cell membrane is a: | phospholipid, steroid |
| Glycolysis occurs in what part of the cell? | cytoplasm |
| Transcription can best be described as the | synthesis of mRNA. |
| In the electron transport system, the final electron acceptor is | oxygen. |
| In which stage of mitosis do chromosomes move to the opposite ends of the cells along the spindle fibers? | anaphase |
| The result of meiosis is | four daughter cells that are haploid. |
| Which of the following phases is NOT correctly matched with its description? | anaphase – mitosis is complete |
| NaCl would move through the cell membrane in which direction? | Both into and out of the cell |
| A sequence of three bases forms a(n): | codon. |
| During which stage of mitosis do the centrioles move to the opposite poles of the cell? | Prophase |
| Fingernail growth is the result of the mitosis of the cells in the stratum | germinativum |
| The hair papilla consists of _____ tissue. | dermal |
| In which skin layer does the process of keratinization begin? | Stratum granulosum |
| Apocrine sweat glands can be found in all of the following areas except the: | soles of the feet. |
| Basement membrane is composed of molecules made by _____ tissue. | Connective, and epithelial |
| Which type of connective tissue helps newborns maintain body temperature by producing heat? | Brown fat |
| Which of the following is not a function of adipose tissue? | Defends the body from microbes and injurious substances |
| Which of the following is not a proteoglycan found in the matrix of connective tissue? | Collagen |
| Which of the following vitamins is(are) absorbed through the skin? | Vitamin A, D and K |
| Bones grow due to activity in the | Epiphyseal plates |
| Why is cartilage slow to heal. | Because it is semi-solid and flexible Because has a no or a limited blood supply |
| Which of the following provide flexibility and smooth surfaces for movement? | Cartilages |
| In intramembranous ossification, the process of appositional growth refers to the: | addition of an outside layer of osseous tissue on flat bones. |
| The cell organelles that synthesize organic matrix substances in bone formation are: | endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. |
| If there is an injury to the occipital bone you may expect that which sense is damaged? | vision |
| During childbirth, a baby passes through an imaginary plane called the: | pelvic outlet. |
| The more muscle fibers contracting at the same time, the stronger the contraction of the entire muscle. The number of muscle fibers contracting depends on how many motor units are | recruited. |
| Anaerobic respiration results in the formation of an incompletely catabolized molecule called | lactate |
| The joints between the articulating surfaces of the vertebral processes are classified as what type of joint? | gliding |
| Muscle tone is maintained by | negative feedback mechanisms |
| According to the sliding filament theory | actin moves past myosin. |
| The joint present during the growth years between the epiphyses of a long bone and its diaphysis is the | synchrondrosis. |
| Joints joined by fibrocartilage are called | symphyses. |
| The muscle’s ability to stretch or extend and to return to its resting length is called | extensibility. |
| Physiological muscle fatigue may be caused by: | a relative lack of ATP. high levels of lactate. failure of the sodium-potassium pumps. |
| The substance that attracts oxygen in the myoglobin molecule is: | iron. |
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