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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Demographic Transition Model | -based on historical trends of two demographic characteristics - birth and death rate -a country’s total population growth rate cycles |
| Stage 1 | -world before the industrial revolution -both birth and death rates are high -cone shape |
| Stage 2 | -modern medicine lowers death rates -wide base and narrow top -los men from emigration -countries like uganda and yemen remain in stage 2 |
| Stage 3 | - birth rates decrease as a result of economic conditions, an increase in women’s status, and access to contraception -narrow base, bulging middle -population growth continues, but at a lower rate -countries like India, Colombia, the Phil |
| Stage 4 | -high life expectancy-, post ww2 -countries tend to have stronger economies, higher levels of education, better healthcare, a higher proportion of working women -fertility rate is two children per women -united states and canada - shape of a rectang |
| Stage 5 | -elderly population is higher than the youth population -fertility rates are significantly low -japan and greece -inverted triangle, narrow base and wide top |
| Mobility | all types of movement from one location to another |
| forced migration | migrants have no choice - forced by a gang or by the government - natural disasters, like hurricane Katrina. holocaust, refugees fleeing the war (Syria, Sudan) |
| Nomads | people who migrate daily |
| Pastoralists | migrate seasonally with livestock |
| step migration | migration often occurs in stages in order |
| ravensteins law of migration | Reasons: cultural, environmental, and economic Distance: short distances. bigger cities, longer distances characteristics: long distance are mostly male |
| obstacles | mountains, deserts, oceans, passports, visas. |
| refugee | someone who is forced to leave their country for fear of death |
| Internally displaced persons | People who have been forced to flee their homes but remain within their country’s borders -73.5M |
| US immigration | 19th C. Industrialization in Europe caused rapid growth & drove many to leave their countries. |
| peak 1 | 1840s and 1850s- Irish Potato Famine & German unification |
| peak 3 | 1905-1914- increase in number of S. & E. Europeans -1M per year -many Italians escape political & economic instability & Jews escaping persecution |
| US immigration policies 1880-1986 | Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) 1921 Emergency Quota Act- limited birth 1924 National Origins Act- prohibited Asian immigrants 1965 Immigration & Nationality Act- ended quotas & allowed immigration 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act-issued visas |
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