4 major groups of Organic substances

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids

Transfers energy from fuel molecules to working molecules and is present in every cell.

Helps decode hereditary information; acts as “RNA enzyme”; silencing of gene expression

Concentration gradient

Molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. High to low

Sodium-potassium pump

Transports three Na⫹ ions out of the cell and two K⫹ ions into the cell—using energy from the breakdown of one ATP molecule.

Prophase- Metaphase-Anaphase-Telophase

Cell division that occurs only in primitive sex cells during the process of becoming mature sex cells.

Abduction and Adduction

Abduction- away from the body Adduction-toward the body

Flexion and Extension

Flexion- decreases angle between bones Extension-increases angle between bones

Muscles contraction steps

Action potential arrives; acetylcholine released and binds to muscle fibers (depolarization); calcium released and binds to troponin; cross-bridges form and pull

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Esther Hernandez

Physiology 1-6

Term	Definition
4 major groups of Organic substances	Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
ATP	Transfers energy from fuel molecules to working molecules and is present in every cell.
RNA	Helps decode hereditary information; acts as “RNA enzyme”; silencing of gene expression
Concentration gradient	Molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. High to low
Sodium-potassium pump	Transports three Na⫹ ions out of the cell and two K⫹ ions into the cell—using energy from the breakdown of one ATP molecule.
4 phases of Mitosis	Prophase- Metaphase-Anaphase-Telophase
Meiosis	Cell division that occurs only in primitive sex cells during the process of becoming mature sex cells.
Abduction and Adduction	Abduction- away from the body Adduction-toward the body
Flexion and Extension	Flexion- decreases angle between bones Extension-increases angle between bones
Muscles contraction steps	Action potential arrives; acetylcholine released and binds to muscle fibers (depolarization); calcium released and binds to troponin; cross-bridges form and pull

Created by: Estmike

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