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ch 6/23 definitions
ch 6 definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Codeine | most commonly used opioid in dentistry |
| Codeine + Tylenol = ? | Tylenol 3, provides greater pain relief |
| Cocaine | Abusers exhibit dilated pupils (mydriasis) |
| Morphine | First natural opiate used for acute or severe pain |
| Oxycodone | semi-synthetic opioid |
| Oxycodone + acetaminophen = ? | Percocet |
| Oxycodone + aspirin = ? | Percodan |
| Naloxone (Narcan) | is an opioid antagonist and used to treat opioid overdose |
| Agonists | refers to a substance that binds to and activates a receptor in the body |
| Mixed opioids | also known as mixed agonist-antagonist opioids, refer to a class of opioids that have both agonistic (activating) and antagonistic (blocking) effects on opioid receptors in the nervous system |
| Antagonists | are substances that bind to receptors in the body but do not activate them. Instead, they block or inhibit the action of agonists |
| Narcotics | original name for opioid drugs. Derived from the Greek work which means “inducing stupor or sleep” |
| Abstinence syndrome | A constellation of physiologic changes undergone by people who have become physically dependent on a drug or chemical who are abruptly deprived of that substance |
| Addiction | Addiction is a chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug-seeking use despite complications or negative consequences |
| Substance use disorders | occur when the recurrent use of alcohol and/or drugs causes clinically and functionally significant impairment |
| Enabling | The behavior of family or friends who associate with the addict that results in continued substance use disorder. |
| Habituation | Physiologic tolerance to or psychological dependence on a drug |
| Misuse | Use of a drug for a disease state in a way considered inappropriate |
| Physical/physiologic dependence | The state in which the drug is necessary for the continued functioning of certain body processes |
| Psychologic dependence | The state in which, following withdrawal of the drug, there are manifestations of emotional abnormalities and drug-seeking behavior |
| Relapse | Relapse is the return to drug use after an attempt to stop |
| Tolerance | With repeated dosing, the dose of a drug must be increased to obtain the same effect |
| Withdrawal | The constellation of symptoms, as specified in the DSM-5, that occurs when a physically dependent person stops taking the drug |