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Denice Miranda

Physiology Weeks 1-6

QuestionAnswer
What is Homeostasis? The maintenance of a stable internal environment despite external changes.
What part of the brain regulates homeostasis? The Hypothalamus.
What are the two main feedback systems? Negative feedback (most common) and Positive feedback.
What is an example of Negative feedback? Body temperature regulation
What is an example of positive feedback? Oxytocin release during childbirth.
What are the four main types of biomolecules? Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
What is the function of DNA? Stores genetic information for protein synthesis.
What are the base pair rules for DNA? Adenine=Thymine; Cytosine= Guanine.
Where is DNA located in the cell? In the nucleus.
What is the plasma membrane made of? A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins (fluid mosaic model)
What is the function of mitochondria? Produces ATP through cellular respiration.
What happens during mitosis? The cells divides to form two identical daughter cells.
What are ligand- gated ions channels? Channels that open when a specific chemical (ligand) binds to them.
What does "selectively permeable" mean? Only certain substances can cross the membrane.
What are the four main tissue types? Epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous tissue.
What are the main layers of skin? Epidermis, dermis and hypodermis.
What is the function of epithelial tissue? Covers and protects body surfaces and lines cavities.
What is keratin? A protein that strengthens and waterproofs skin and hair.
What does the dermis contain? Blood vessels, nerves, glands and hair follicles.
What are the main functions of the skeletal system? Support, protection, movement, mineral storage and blood cell formation.
What are osteocytes? Mature bones cells that main bone tissue.
What is the difference between compact and spongy bone? Compact bone is dense and strong; spongy bone is lighter and porous.
What is the process of bone formation called? Ossification.
Which minerals are stored in bones? Calcium and phosphorus.
What is an articulation? A joint where two or more bones meet.
What are the three types of joints? Fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial joints.
What proteins are involved in muscle contraction? Actin and myosin.
What is the role of calcium in muscle contraction? It binds to troponin, allowing acting and myosin to interact.
What is sliding-filament theory? Muscle fibers contract when actin slides over myosin filaments.
What is Physiology? The scientific study of how the body and its parts function to maintain life. It explains how organs, tissues, and cells work together to keep the body in balance (homeostasis).
Created by: user-1990858
 

 



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