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Erica Rodriguez
Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define the term homeostasis | It is the maintenance of relatively constant internal conditions despite changes in either the internal or the external environment |
| What is negative feedback? | They oppose or “negate” a change by creating a response that is opposite in direction to the initial disturbance |
| What is positive feedback? | does not operate to help the body maintain a stable, or homeostatic, condition, it is often harmful, even disas-trous, to survival. |
| What are the 4 major groups of organic substances ? | Lipids, Carbohydrates, Nucleic acids, Proteins |
| What are passive processes that transport substances across a cell membrane? | 1) Diffusion 2)Simple Diffusion 3)Osmosis |
| Active transport processes | 1)Transport by pumps 2)Transport by vesicles |
| What are the 4 phases of mitosis? | 1)Prophase 2) Metaphase 3)Anaphase 4) Telophase |
| What is Prophase? | The cell begins to divide |
| What is Metaphase? | The chromosomes, no longer trapped within a nucleus, are moved by the cytoskeleton into an orderly pattern |
| What is Anaphase? | the centromere of each chromosome splits to form two chromosomes, each consisting of a single DNA molecule |
| What are the 4 principal types of tissue? | 1)Epithelial 2)Connective tissue 3)Muscle tissue 4)Nervous tissue |
| Describe Diasphysis | hollow cylindrical shape , the main shaftlike portion of the bone |
| Describe Epiphyses | The distal ends of a long bone. The bulbous shape |
| Which bone is the only bone that normally does not form a joint with any other bone of the skeleton? | Hyoid Bone |
| What is a floating rib? | the last 2 pairs of false ribs. They do not attach even indirectly to the sternum |
| What bones make up the shoulder girdle? | Then clavicle and scapula |
| What 2 bones make up the leg? | Tibia and fibula |
| What are the 3 types of joints? | 1)synarthroses (immovable) 2)amphiarthroses (slightly movable) 3)diarthroses (freely movable) |
| Describe Eccentric contractions | those in which the movement results in lengthening of the muscle being contracted |
| Describe Isometric contractions | a contraction in which muscle length remains the same while muscle tension increases |
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