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Physiology

Chapter 4- Biomolecules

QuestionAnswer
What are the four major organic substances in the human body Lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids
What elements make up carbohydrates? carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
What do carbohydrates do? they're the primary source of chemical energy needed by every body cell
What three groups are carbohydrates characterized? Monosaccharides, Disaccharides , Polysaccharides
What elements make up a lipid and why is it different then carbohydrates? carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. And nitrogen and phosphorus. Oxygen is a lot lower in lipids than carbohydrates
What groups characterize lipids? triglycerides and phospholipids
What are lipids? water-insoluble organic bio-molecules.
What are proteins? the most abundant of the organic compounds in the body
What elements make up proteins? carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen. Some also contain small amounts of sulfur, iron, magnesium, zinc, and other trace metals
What groups characterize proteins? structural and functional.
How many amino acids are proteins composed of? 21
What groups characterize nucleic acids? DNA RNA
What is RNA? Ribonucleotides
What is DNA? deoxyribonucleotide acid
What makes up DNA? pentose sugar named deoxyribose, a nitrogenous base, and phosphate group
What makes up RNA? similar but contain the sugar ribose instead of deoxyribose and the nitrogenous base uracil instead of thymine
Created by: user-1988920
 

 



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