Environmental Stressor

“any physical, chemical, or biological entity that can induce an adverse effect in humans or ecosystems.”

= the chance of harmful effects due to exposure

What is risk assessment?

Evaluation of the risk posed to human health and/or the environment by the actual or potential presence and/or use of specific agents

Depends on characteristics of the hazard such as the contaminant source, transport and transformation, as well as on characteristics of the exposed population, such as their location, demographics and activities

Course that a hazard takes from a source to a receptor (human or animal) through the environment (air, water); each pathway may result in different exposure rates

(i.e., intake pathway) mechanism by which the transfer occurs (e.g., inhalation, ingestion, dermal contact)

Dose-Response Assessment

Quantifying the adverse effects arising from exposure to a hazardous agent based on the degree of exposure

Dose response is usually expressed...

Mathematically as a plot showing the response in living organisms to increasing doses of the agent.

Determining the concentration of a contaminating agent in the environment and estimating its rate of intake in organisms in a given population

Hazard Identification

Defining the hazard and nature of the harm

Risk Characterization

Estimating the potential impact of a hazard based on the severity of its effects and amount of exposure, as well as the degree of uncertainty

Ecological Risk Assessment

Process to evaluate the probability that adverse ecological effects will occur as the result of exposure to one or more stressors

What does “fit for purpose” mean in the context of human health risk assessment?

Means the risk assessment is tailored to the specific decision-making context and provides the right level of detail to inform choices among risk management options.

Why are planning and scoping considered critical first steps in the risk assessment process?

This sets the purpose, scope, and resources of the assessment. Decisions here guide the whole process and ensure alignment with decision-making needs.

How does public, stakeholder, and community involvement improve the usefulness of a risk assessment?

Ensures transparency, builds trust, and adds local knowledge that improves the credibility and relevance of the assessment.

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Risk Assessment

Steps in Risk Assessment

Question	Answer
Environmental Stressor	“any physical, chemical, or biological entity that can induce an adverse effect in humans or ecosystems.”
Risk =	hazard x exposure
Hazard =	The potential to cause harm
Uncertainty	= the chance of harmful effects due to exposure
Objectives	= human or ecological health
What is risk assessment?	Evaluation of the risk posed to human health and/or the environment by the actual or potential presence and/or use of specific agents
Exposure	Depends on characteristics of the hazard such as the contaminant source, transport and transformation, as well as on characteristics of the exposed population, such as their location, demographics and activities
Exposure pathway	Course that a hazard takes from a source to a receptor (human or animal) through the environment (air, water); each pathway may result in different exposure rates
Exposure route	(i.e., intake pathway) mechanism by which the transfer occurs (e.g., inhalation, ingestion, dermal contact)
Dose-Response Assessment	Quantifying the adverse effects arising from exposure to a hazardous agent based on the degree of exposure
Dose response is usually expressed...	Mathematically as a plot showing the response in living organisms to increasing doses of the agent.
Exposure Assessment	Determining the concentration of a contaminating agent in the environment and estimating its rate of intake in organisms in a given population
Hazard Identification	Defining the hazard and nature of the harm
Risk Characterization	Estimating the potential impact of a hazard based on the severity of its effects and amount of exposure, as well as the degree of uncertainty
Ecological Risk Assessment	Process to evaluate the probability that adverse ecological effects will occur as the result of exposure to one or more stressors
What does “fit for purpose” mean in the context of human health risk assessment?	Means the risk assessment is tailored to the specific decision-making context and provides the right level of detail to inform choices among risk management options.
Why are planning and scoping considered critical first steps in the risk assessment process?	This sets the purpose, scope, and resources of the assessment. Decisions here guide the whole process and ensure alignment with decision-making needs.
How does public, stakeholder, and community involvement improve the usefulness of a risk assessment?	Ensures transparency, builds trust, and adds local knowledge that improves the credibility and relevance of the assessment.

Created by: cheche.stoddard

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